A photovoltaic array is a group of solar panels that absorb sunlight and convert it into usable energy. The photovoltaic effect causes photons to agitate electrons, which are then directed into an electronic circuit to produce electricity. Initially used for scientific purposes, photovoltaic arrays are now used to power devices in areas where connection to a power grid is impossible. Early arrays were expensive, but advances in technology have made them more economically feasible. Solar technology has increased in popularity due to government incentives and concerns about the environmental effects of fossil fuels.
A photovoltaic array is a set of photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic panels, or photovoltaic panels, are more commonly known as solar panels. They absorb light, especially sunlight, and convert it into usable energy. The photovoltaic field is a key element in the production of solar energy. Concerns about the environmental effects of fossil fuels and new advances in photovoltaic technology have increased interest in solar energy into the 21st century.
Photovoltaic energy is produced through the photovoltaic effect, which was first discovered in the 19th century. Particles of light called photons are directed at a photovoltaic cell or group of cells. The chemical properties of these cells cause photons to agitate electrons, the subatomic particles responsible for electricity. The PV cell structure directs these electrons into an electronic circuit, converting them into usable electricity. The first photovoltaic system was built in the 1919s.
Initially, the photovoltaic array had limited, mainly scientific uses. Photovoltaic arrays were first used to provide power to orbiting satellites. They are still used for this purpose; the International Space Station and the Juno exploration spacecraft are both powered by photovoltaic panels. Ground-bound uses include devices located in areas where connection to a power grid via power lines is impractical or impossible. Recreational vehicles and autonomous road signs are two common examples.
A photovoltaic array consists of a small or large group of connected photovoltaic panels, depending on the amount of power desired. The connected system often includes an inverter, to convert electricity into the form of alternating current (AC) required by most household devices. Excess energy is held in storage batteries or, in some systems, can be directed into the local electricity grid, providing a credit towards future electricity bills. While photovoltaic cells can generate energy from any light, sunlight is by far the most common source. The photovoltaic field must be positioned where it will receive the maximum solar exposure during the day; even minor shadow can greatly reduce its efficiency.
Early PV arrays were expensive and bulky, limiting their use to those with deep pockets and serious commitments to alternative energy. In the 21st century, thin-film cells have been perfected, making the photovoltaic array lighter and more economically feasible. At the same time, public concern was growing about the cost and environmental effects of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline. This has led to government incentives and other initiatives towards alternative energy generation. As a result, solar technology has increased in popularity and use around the world.
Protect your devices with Threat Protection by NordVPN
