The rod pump is a common device for extracting oil from wells, powered by electric or gas motors. Its simple design makes it easy to operate and maintain, but adjustments may be needed over time.
A rod pump is the most commonly used pumping device for oil wells. Noted for its distinct shape and design, the Pole Pump features a pumping mechanism that is almost entirely visible from the ground. The working part of this mechanism moves in a rhythmic motion to extract oil from nearby wells. This rhythmic motion and distinct appearance has led to many nicknames for the shaft pump, such as jack pump or horse head pump.
These pumps can be powered by both electric and gas motors. The motor rotates a shaft, which in turn rotates a pair of jointed support arms. As these arms rotate, they cause the attached “head” or beam to rise and fall in a constant pattern. A counterweight above the motor helps balance the up-and-down motion of the head to keep its pace constant.
At the head of the rod pump is a rod and plunger mechanism. Each time the pump head lowers towards the ground, it pushes the plunger deep underground. This increases the pressure within the well, which creates displacement forces that pull the oil to the surface. Oil is collected within the plunger and transferred to storage vessels each time the rod retracts to ground level.
Rod pumps are found in large numbers in oil fields, but a single unit can be used even in a small well. For example, some homes in the United States have push rod pumps on the property to scoop up small reserves of oil underground. These pumps are typically owned by energy companies, which in turn pay the homeowner for land use. Rod pump mechanisms are also used in automotive engines to draw oil through the operating system.
Compared to many other types of pumps, the rod pump is a relatively simple device. Because it is so simple, it can be operated easily and efficiently by the average oil worker. With most of the operating components located above ground, these pumps are also easy to repair and maintain. Other pump designs may require extensive excavation to access components below ground for repair or maintenance. Despite their simple design, rod pumps can effectively draw oil even from relatively deep areas.
One of the main disadvantages of the rod pump is the need to adjust its depth, motor speed or counterweights over time. While the pump design is initially set to a specific depth, pressure levels in oil wells often change over time as oil is removed or due to simple seismic displacements. While some more complex pumps can automatically adjust to these changes, a rod pump requires a more hands-on approach to sucking oil once conditions change.
Protect your devices with Threat Protection by NordVPN
