A sanitary sewer is an underground system that transports wastewater from domestic and industrial locations to treatment plants. It often works with storm drains. The system uses pipes and manholes, and gravity is used to move wastewater. It can be combined with drainage systems, creating a combined sewer. The collected waste is treated and recycled, and the rest is disposed of according to local regulations.
A sanitary sewer is a type of sewer project that provides a closed, underground system designed to transport various types of wastewater away from domestic and industrial locations. This type of system often works in tandem with other systems such as storm drains which provide a means of clearing excess water from city streets. Since the 20th century, a sanitary sewage system has often been constructed to convey wastewater to some type of sewage treatment or recycling plant. The actual percentage of raw sewage that is recycled or purified varies from country to country.
The most common design for a sanitary sewer system involves a series of pipes running from buildings to larger underground structures, sometimes known as trunk pipes. Here, the wastewater can be effectively channeled through the system, arriving at a treatment plant which is usually run under the aegis of the local government. In order to maintain the system, access to each area of the main network is provided by carefully placed entry points, known as manholes. Manholes often provide access from street level, but can also provide access from one underground compartment to another.
Efficiently moving sewage through a sanitary sewer often depends on careful design of the system layout. To the extent possible, designers will rely on gravity to direct the movement of wastewater through the system. Depending on the size and complexity of the sewer system, there’s a good chance pumps will be placed at strategic points throughout the system. These pumps are usually configured to be activated manually, on an automated hourly schedule, or when sensors indicate that the sewage flow is outside the limits considered normal and acceptable.
While sanitary sewer is one of the most common of all sewer projects, it is not uncommon for the system to be combined with drainage systems that facilitate the disposal of excess rainwater that can accumulate on the roads. When this is the case, the system is often referred to as a combined sewer. With this project, the drainage system used for the collection of rainy runoff discharges excess water directly into the main pipeline used by the sewage system, conveying all the liquids, solids and semi-solids collected to the purification plants. There the waste is somehow disposed of, with some of the collected matter treated to remove contaminants, making it suitable for re-use in the community. Waste that cannot be purified or recycled in some way is sometimes landfilled or otherwise disposed of in accordance with local environmental regulations.
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