Screw couplers are used to join solid or hollow components with mating threads. They can be simple or complex, and are used in various applications such as construction and irrigation systems. They are easy to disconnect and can be made of different materials.
A screw coupler is a device used to mechanically join two separate parts by the action of mating threads. This type of joint can be used on solid components such as steel bars and hollow elements such as pipes. The screw coupler is one of the simplest of all couplings, yet is capable of making a joint of considerable strength. Depending on the specifics of the application, these couplers may be little more than a threaded sleeve used to join two similarly threaded rods or more complex fittings consisting of separate male and female units crimped or welded to the ends of pipe runs. Applications where screw couplers are used are diverse and include building construction, irrigation systems and braking systems on trains.
In most industrial, agricultural and domestic environments it is necessary to join lengths of pipe, hose or rod on a regular basis. In some cases, permanent joints made using brazing, welding or adhesive techniques are suitable for the application at hand. Where non-permanent joints are required, other solutions with a wide range of removable joints are required due to regular use. One of the most common types in general use is the family of screw coupler splicing devices. These couplers use the mechanical power of mating threads to make tight, secure joints that are easy to disconnect at will.
The simplest type of screw coupler is the threaded sleeve or collar. Consisting of a short length of internally threaded pipe, this type of screw-in coupling only requires that the ends of the pipe or rod being joined be threaded with a similar male thread. The sleeve is then screwed onto the end of a rod or tube until the tube has advanced into the sleeve about half its length. The end of the other tube or rod is then screwed into the other end of the sleeve until it butts against the other tube or rod. This type of screw joint can have a smooth external profile or have hexagonal sections suitable for tightening with a key.
Screw fittings used on high pressure pipes or tubes are generally a little more complex, typically consisting of two parts, one with a male thread and the other with a corresponding female thread. The individual coupling elements are welded, brazed or crimped onto the ends of the pipeline. The two ends are then brought together and the two halves of the coupler are screwed together. Screw couplers can be made of cast iron, stainless steel or various grades of plastic and often feature internal sealing elements such as gaskets or O-rings. Screw couplers find use in a wide variety of applications including construction and heavy industry, agricultural and domestic irrigation, and high pressure hydraulic and pneumatic systems such as train braking lines.
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