Simulation models represent reality to make things visible that are not immediately evident. They can be static or dynamic, physical or abstract, and are used in math and science fields. Computer programming has made simulations more realistic and can cover large time intervals. The goal is to bring life and vibrancy to things that would otherwise be difficult to conceptualize.
A simulation model is a representation of reality created to demonstrate something that can’t be seen easily or hasn’t happened yet. The main idea is to make visible what is not immediately evident to the naked eye. Some of the simplest models are static, meaning they don’t move or change in response to external stimuli or events. Many of the more advanced examples are specifically intended to change with certain variables, however, often as a way to predict future events before they happen or to get an idea of possible outcomes. Models of things like weather models or business volume flows are good examples, and computer imaging is often really helpful in those cases. Regardless of what the final product looks like, the goal of any project in this realm is usually the same: namely, to bring life and vibrancy to things that would otherwise be difficult to conceptualize, and to enable people to plan and understand them differently as a result.
Basic concept
There are typically three building blocks to any simulation model. The first is the identification of the fundamental parts of the system. Hence, the modeler must understand the interaction between those parts. Finally, the number and nature of the inputs must be tabulated. For each of them you essentially create a model, considering the crucial aspects and ignoring the minor aspects. The model for the whole system is developed once all these pieces start working together.
Pattern makers can approach the task from a couple of different angles and there is no single shape that all final products must take. The general idea is to take something from reality – a molecule, a virus mutation life cycle, a corporate deployment plan – and condense it into a format that is visual, accessible and easily understood. Graphics are a common part of many templates, as are colors. Models that are moving often have animations or moving mechanical parts, while those that are may have drawn arrows or other indications of slow change.
Because it’s useful
This type of modeling has been done in one form or another for centuries. It is most common today in the math and science fields, although it can be used for almost anything. A good simulated model can save researchers a lot of time and energy by allowing them to study and take basic measurements from the model rather than reality. In many cases it also allows predictions about future events that can affect things like weather forecasting and logistical decision making for large enterprises.
Static and dynamic examples
A model can be physical or abstract, and both types can be static or dynamic, meaning something that stays the same or changes over time. An example of a static physical model is a stick model of a water molecule, with two small hydrogen “balls” representing hydrogen atoms attached with short sticks on either side of an oxygen “ball”, creating a visual interpretation of H2O. Water molecules can be visualized under powerful microscopes, but simulated tabletop models may be more immediately useful when trying to explain fundamental properties.
Another physics model is that of a water tank with sand, showing the effect of wind and water movement. In this dynamic model, sand and water exhibit patterns that depend on wind strength and direction over time. Most of the models incorporate some elements of dynamism.
For example, for a simulation of a factory workflow, one machine can be modeled as one item that takes a certain amount of time to create a particular part, while another machine takes a different amount of time. The time to move parts between machines can be ignored for machines that are close together, but usually the number, speed and time that raw material and work orders enter the factory are modeled . Based on all of this, the simulation determines whether the factory’s output meets demand.
Role of computer programming
Traditionally, simulation modeling has been mathematical in nature. Raw material entering a factory, for example, would be approximated as entering at fixed intervals. Computers can now run more realistic simulations using scripts and code similar to a real situation or even an exact record of a real situation.
Some simulations can be done with standard simulation programs, while others require you to write special software. The models for the parts, the interaction of the parts, and the inputs are sent to a program which then runs the simulation model and provides the outputs over time, often showing those outputs graphically. With computers, simulations can be attempted involving thousands or even millions of elements and covering large time intervals. Models of planetary evolution or advanced military maneuvers are two examples.
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