Socket 478 heat sink cools processors compatible with Intel’s Pentium 4 chips. It transfers heat from the CPU to the atmosphere, reducing the risk of malfunction. Other companies besides Intel manufacture it, and it’s compatible with other Intel CPUs. The typical heat sink is made of aluminum with a black plastic fan on top, and each has a three-pin connector for connecting to the motherboard.
A Socket 478 heat sink is a device used to cool processors compatible with a central processing unit (CPU) socket called Socket 478, or Socket N. This is a socket that semiconductor manufacturer Intel Corporation introduced primarily in the 2002 to connect its Pentium 4 chips to the motherboard of personal computers (PCs). The Socket 478 heatsink is designed to transfer heat from the CPU to the atmosphere. As a result, the computer chip has a lower temperature, which reduces the risk of malfunction. Although Intel manufactures the Socket 478 heat sink, other computer product companies such as ASUSTeK Computer Incorporated, Foxconn International Holdings Ltd., and Taiwan-based Thermaltake also manufacture it.
The design of Socket 478 itself allows for the introduction of a heat sink. This particular CPU socket uses a form factor standard called a flip-chip pin grid array (FCPGA). This means that the processor die, or the piece of semiconductor material that the manufacturer inserts into the chip’s cores, is flipped over to expose the back, which is the hottest part of the component. This way, you can place a heat sink on top of it to cool it down.
The typical Socket 478 heat sink is made of aluminum, with a black plastic fan sitting on top. Depending on the manufacturer, fan speed and size, as well as airflow and noise level vary. For example, the fan in the Thermaltake A4012-02 spins at 2,500 revolutions per minute (rpm) and has a diameter of 3.15 inches (80 millimeters); the airflow is 32.4 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and the noise level is 21 decibels (dBA). By comparison, the ASUS 19437-PB’s fan spins at 5,400 rpm and measures 2.75 inches (67 mm) in diameter; the airflow is 31.96 CFM and the noise level is 37 dBA. Each Socket 478 cooler has a three-pin connector for connecting to the motherboard.
The Intel Pentium isn’t the only type of processor that the Socket 478 cooler works with; it is also compatible with other brands of Intel CPUs. Other processors include the entry-level Intel Celeron, with a range of processing speeds from 1.7 to 2.8 GHz; the 3.4 to 4 GHz Intel Pentium 3.2 Extreme Edition, marketed as the enthusiast version of the Pentium 4; and the 2.13 to 3.2 GHz Celeron D, a slightly improved edition of the Celeron. Each Socket 478 compatible CPU has data rates of 400, 533, or 800 million transfers per second (MT/s).
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