Choke valves restrict airflow to create a better fuel-air mixture in engines. Modern vehicles use fuel injection systems, but some still use choke valves. Manual or automatic control is possible, and newer engines use superchargers or turbochargers to create pressure.
Choke valves were commonly used in automobile engines until the late 1980s. Choke valves help restrict the flow of air entering the engine through the intake manifold. The throttle valve fully or partially blocks the intake manifold opening to alter the amount of airflow and create a better fuel-air mixture. Choke valves are located on the intake manifold or inside the carburetor. Modern vehicles have switched from choke valves and carburetors to fuel injection systems, although some machines still use choke valves to operate.
In an engine, fuel and air mix to create the power that drives the machine. The engine draws in more fuel or air depending on the pressure exerted on the chamber. In a naturally aspirated engine, outside air pressure causes this reaction. Newer engines use superchargers or turbochargers to create pressure and force the proper amount of air and fuel into the cylinder for maximum power.
Engines without a supercharger need a way to extract the correct amount of air and fuel, especially when the engine is still cold and needs to warm up. The choke valve is used to restrict airflow and alter pressure. This creates better engine performance when the engine is still running cold. Once it warms up, the choke valve opens to allow more air to flow into the engine.
Control of the choke valve is done manually by the engine or automatically through the use of electronics. When manually controlled, the valve is connected by a handle or lever to a part of the engine which in turn activates the choke valve during use. The automatic version uses a sensor, known as an autochoke, to control the opening and closing of the choke valve.
Modern vehicles use a fuel injection system with poppet valves to allow a specific mixture of air and fuel into the cylinder. It controls the pressure and the amount of air and fuel in the mixture, thus eliminating the need for a throttle valve. Other machines, such as certain lawn mowers and small aircraft, still use the choke valve in their engines.
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