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Triaxial cable has three conductor elements and is commonly used in the television industry. It can serve as both a power and signal conductor, and is often used to connect cameras to control units. It is not typically used in home applications, but can be used for signal distribution in Europe.
Triaxial cable is a type of cable, often used in communications, particularly in the television industry. It is called “triaxial” because it consists of three separate conductor elements, usually arranged in alternating concentric rings of conductor and shielded insulation. Shielding and insulation prevent individual conductor signals from interfering with each other. The connectors for these cables are specially designed to prevent their accidental use with other types of connectors and cables.
The design of a triaxial cable, when viewed in cross section, resembles a bulls eye. The center of the cable, or core, consists of a conductor, which is usually a single solid wire, but can be a stranded wire. The core is enclosed in an insulating shield. Surrounding this is another layer of conductor, which can also be solid or stranded, followed by another layer of shielded insulation. A third conductive layer, which can also be solid or braided, is wrapped around the two inner layers, and the cable is finished with a final outer layer of shielding.
There are several grades of triaxial cable available today. Common triaxial cable sizes include 14mm, 11mm and 8mm, measurements refer to their thickness. Resistance can also vary, including 50 ohm, 75 ohm, and 90 ohm wires, but the most common types have a resistance of 75 ohms.
The main difference between triaxial cable and typical coaxial cable is that triaxial cable can serve as both a power conductor and a signal conductor, and for this reason, triaxial cable is often used by the television industry to connect cameras to their control unit. With this type of cable, the control unit is able to supply power to the camera as well as transmit and receive signals, all at the same time. Many venues that host regular televised events have their own triaxial cable system, allowing camera crews to quickly prepare for an on-site broadcast.
Triax cable isn’t typically used in home applications, but at least one company markets a home signal distribution system that can distribute the signal to multiple home units. This type of system can combine multiple signal sources and then distribute them to multiple separate locations in the home. These units are designed for use with satellite systems and can combine and deliver closed circuit television, regular television signals, satellite signals and even standard FM signals. These systems are relatively unknown outside Europe, however, as of 2011.
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