Varus deformity is a bone or joint deformity where the distal end bends inward, leading to joint strain, pain, and lameness. It can be caused by trauma or congenital malformations and requires evaluation by an orthopedic surgeon for treatment. Athletes and dancers are at higher risk and should seek medical attention early.
A varus deformity is a deformity of a bone or joint in which the distal end bends inward. The distal end is the end furthest from the attachment point; for example, the distal end of the femur is the end that connects to the knee, because the femur’s attachment point is at the pelvis. Varus deformities can occur in a number of bones and joints in the body and can vary in severity, generally getting worse if left untreated. In the opposite situation, a valgus deformity, the distal end of the joint begins to bend outward.
When someone develops a varus deformity, the bones and joints attached to the area of the deformity are pulled inward. In a cubit varus involving the elbow, for example, the elbow would be pointing towards the body. Knee knock, involving the knee, creates a bowlegged appearance over time. Another common form of varus deformity is varus foot, which occurs in the ankle.
Several things can lead to a varus deformity. Some are congenital malformations that are evident at birth. Others are caused by trauma, such as straining, a badly healed break, and poor posture. Over time, varus deformities can lead to serious problems, such as joint strain, lameness, shortened limbs, and pain. The patient may also feel uncomfortable in social situations as the deformity becomes more apparent.
Treatment for a varus deformity begins with patient evaluation, which may include a physical exam and medical imaging studies. During the evaluation, your doctor will determine the cause of the deformity and develop a treatment plan. These deformities often require the attention of an orthopedic surgeon who can correct the deformity and apply a cast that will hold the bone or joint in place as it heals. After the surgery, follow-up includes several appointments to confirm that the surgery was successful and that proper healing is underway.
Varus deformities can be especially common in athletes and dancers. A varus deformity of the foot or knee can be a common problem, as the feet and knees put a lot of strain on them. Because athletes and dancers are often encouraged to work through physical pain and ignore minor symptoms of physical discomfort, they can make their varus deformities worse if not given early attention. A visit to an orthopedic doctor is definitely a must if signs of bone and joint abnormalities appear.
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