Venous stasis is a disease caused by malfunctioning venous valves, leading to impaired blood circulation in the legs and the development of venous stasis ulcers. Treatment includes dressings, compression wraps, medication, and lifestyle changes. Prompt treatment is crucial for a favorable prognosis.
Venous stasis is a disease in which blood circulation in the legs is impaired. This is usually due to malfunctioning venous valves. Sometimes, a person can be born without the proper valves. Patients with severe and long-lasting cases of venous stasis may develop a wound or sore on the lower leg, called a venous stasis ulcer. It is among the most common types of leg ulcers.
These ulcers can be caused by trauma to the lower leg. Or, a venous stasis ulcer may occur simply because the patient scratched vigorously at that location and broke the skin. Due to impaired blood circulation, this wound often doesn’t heal properly and can increase in size.
In addition to the venous stasis ulcer itself, patients may notice accompanying symptoms. They often suffer from edema, or swelling, in their lower legs due to improper blood flow. The area may also be painful and itchy. The veins in the lower legs may appear abnormally large and twisted.
Ulcers are usually slow to heal. Venous stasis ulcers are often red in appearance but may be covered with yellow tissue. If it gets infected due to inadequate treatment, patients may notice a significant amount of yellowish or greenish discharge.
It is possible for a venous stasis ulcer to heal, however this is more likely to occur if the patient has had one for less than a year. Ulcers that have lasted longer may decrease in size but are less likely to heal completely. Patients who receive prompt treatment for this condition generally have a more favorable prognosis.
To treat a venous stasis ulcer, a doctor will likely apply a dressing to the wound. This type of ulcer can be treated with different types of dressings, including antimicrobial ones. The doctor will give the patient specific instructions regarding proper care and dressing changes. If the wound is infected, antibiotics will likely be prescribed. Patients should always take the full course of medication, even if the infection appears to be clearing up.
Compression wraps are also often used to reduce swelling and help restore blood flow to the area. Patients can wear compression stockings, bandages, or bandages on the leg. Another treatment option is an Unna boot, which is a stocking that applies compression and is also coated with a medication.
Patients may also consider lifestyle changes to aid the healing process. Smokers should stop, to improve blood circulation. A balanced, low-sodium diet can also help. Patients should consult their doctors regarding a consistent, low-impact exercise plan, which can also improve blood circulation. Patients with venous stasis should check their legs and feet daily for signs of possible injury and seek medical attention right away if they see anything abnormal.
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