A scrubber dryer is a small-scale mining machine that separates gold and other metals using a dry sorting process. It consists of two containers, a hopper, and a riffle tray, and uses air pressure to blow off light particles while keeping the metals. There are two types of dry cleaning machines: bellows and motor-operated. Dry cleaners are portable, affordable, and easy to maintain. They are primarily used by hobbyists and casual miners.
A scrubber dryer is a piece of machinery used in small-scale mining operations. While traditional mining equipment requires large volumes of water to separate gold from rocks and soil, a dry washer separates gold and other metals using a dry sorting process. These machines are primarily used by hobbyists and casual miners due to their small capacity and relatively low throughput rates, and are not designed for commercial or industrial mining projects.
The standard washer dryer consists of two containers supported by a metal frame. These bins are arranged at a small angle to each other, with the lower bin positioned parallel to the ground. The top bin, known as the hopper, has a mesh net along the bottom. While the miners shovel dirt and rocks into the hopper, the screen screen allows small particles to pass into the lower bin, while pushing large rocks and debris out and onto the ground.
The lower basket, known as a riffle tray, features a fabric or canvas bottom. A blower or blower directs air from the bottom of the riffle tray and the fabric bottom of the tray allows this air to enter the tray. The air pressure from below causes dirt and other light particles to be blown off or out of the tray, but it’s not strong enough to move gold and other metals. Instead, these metal particles remain in the dry cleaner, where they can be picked up by hand from the riffle tray.
Miners have a choice of two basic types of dry cleaning machines, with each device distinct by the method of producing the air. The most basic models include a bellows, which is operated using a hand crank. Some also include a battery pack for a faster air blow or higher air pressure. More advanced dry cleaners include a separate motor, which incorporates both airflow and vibration to sort the materials in the riffle tray. These models require a fuel source, such as gasoline or propane, and tend to cost more than bellows units.
One of the main benefits of mining with a dry cleaner is the portability and convenience these devices offer. Some models are small enough to be worn on the back like a backpack, allowing hobbyists to mine in almost any location. These units are also relatively affordable and can even be made at home using basic materials. Finally, basic dry cleaners include very few parts, which reduces maintenance requirements and minimizes the learning curve associated with this equipment.
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