Weld defects can occur due to incorrect materials, techniques, or external conditions, resulting in cracks and weakened welds. Choosing the right technique and equipment, along with skillful execution, can prevent defects and the need for rework.
A weld defect is any type of defect in a weld job that affects the use and function of the object that has received the weld. Defects of this type can occur for a variety of reasons, including the use of incorrect materials during the process or the inability of the welders involved to perform the necessary tasks fully and efficiently. A weld defect can also occur due to choosing the wrong welding technique for a particular job or due to external conditions that prevent the weld from melting and hardening properly.
Cracks are one of the most common manifestations of a weld defect. The nature of the crack can be due to various circumstances. For example, arc cracking occurs when the weld location is struck by the weld rod but there is insufficient contact to create a sold weld. Cold cracking can occur when the base metal receiving the weld is steel and the amount of heat input during the welding process is not kept within an acceptable range. There are also a wide range of other types of cracks that can occur, including heating, subsurface and crater cracks. Each of these issues can be successfully addressed in most situations, resulting in a strong weld that will withstand a great deal of stress.
Sometimes, the origin of the weld defect will have to do with the welder’s inability to choose the right technique or tools to do the job at hand. Different types of welding techniques are designed for use with various metals, requiring the use of certain welding rods and the right techniques to achieve the ideal weld. When the welder fails to make the right choice in terms of weld type, rod and other equipment, the chances of a weld defect occurring increase dramatically.
Welding defect can also occur due to failure to perform the selected technique. For example, lingering too long along the weld bead or moving too quickly along the bead line could create an effect that weakens the result rather than establishing a lasting seal between the welded sections. For this reason, skill along with choosing the right equipment and best technique for a specific job is important to avoid potential defects and requiring the job to be done a second time.
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