A weld neck flange is a type of pipe flange with a spout-like neck chamfered to fit the pipe, allowing for a stronger and more precise weld joint. It can withstand extreme pressures and is used to connect high pressure pipes and shut-off valves.
A weld neck flange is a type of pipe flange that incorporates a cast neck welded to the pipe. Unlike a plain flange which is slipped over pipe before being welded into place, a weld neck flange has a spout-like neck that is chamfered to fit the pipe. Once the pipe is beveled to fit the weld neck flange, a perfect V shape is created into which a butt weld is placed to connect the two components.
The advantage of a weld neck flange is that the welded connection does not interfere with the flow of liquid through the flange. By placing the weld joint at the funnel neck end of the flange, the pipe is much easier to align with the flange, and a stronger weld is typically possible with this type of flange. The neck of the flange is also perfectly chamfered to demonstrate the type of bevel the welder needs to place on the pipe before making the connection with the flange.
One of the benefits of the weld neck flange is the ability to withstand extreme pressures. The flange is used in high pressure applications due, in part, to the neck’s ability to transfer stress from the flange and into the pipe. The stress transferred to the pipe can travel the length of the pipe to be dissipated, however, the stress at the flange can only be dissipated at the flange. The strength of the weld joint with this type of flange comes from the welder’s ability to create a perfect joint by dressing the pipe to match the neck of the flange. When suitably dressed, the chamfer of the pipe matches the chamfer of the neck, creating the best conditions for a butt weld to properly penetrate both components.
Unlike a socket flange, the welder has the ability to visually confirm proper alignment of the flange neck and pipe. This allows you to do any precision fit required with a grinder to create a perfect fit. The weld neck flange is typically applied to the end of a long run of high pressure pipe to absorb any vibration or movement in the pipeline without creating damage. This is also the flange used for connecting a large shut-off valve. Flange strength is used to combat the pressure applied to a stuck valve and prevents any piping problems caused by inferior joints and joints.
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