A winch motor powers the cable, rope, or chain and determines the pulling and lifting capacity of the winch. Electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic, the motor works through a series of reduction gears to convert high speed into torque and tractive force. Large industrial winches use large electric motors, while smaller vehicle-mounted winches use direct drive motors.
A winch motor is the component of the winch that powers the cable, rope, or chain. Typically electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic, the winch motor is responsible for not only pulling power to the winch, but often the motor is also tasked with feeding cable, rope, or chain off or off the winch. On large, overhead winches used in manufacturing plants, the winch motor can be as large as a small car and run on extremely high electrical voltage. In vehicle-mounted winch applications, the motors are typically powered by automotive-type 12-volt batteries and typically resemble the starter motor on an automobile engine.
The pulling and lifting capacity of a winch is usually decided by the power of the winch motor. Working through a series of reduction gears, the often high speed of the electric winch motor is converted into torque and tractive force. This allows the winch motor to work without severe stress or stress, similar to gears on a bicycle, allowing the rider to climb a steep hill without tiring or getting off the bike. The use of the gearbox also allows the use of much smaller motors than would otherwise be required to move the heavy loads.
While the electric style of the motor actually turns the gearbox and ultimately the winch, the air and hydraulic motors are actually little drives themselves. As air is used to drive a winch, the air is forced over gear vanes which, in turn, drive other gears. Air, however, does not create any power; It is simply a tool to move the gears in the engine. The same can be said for the winch’s hydraulic motor. Hydraulic fluid is passed over the gear sets in the same manner as air, and this creates the movement within the gearbox to drive the winch.
Many large industrial type winches use very large electric motors to power the winch. These motors are often attached to the winch by a series of rubber belts and pulleys. These large units also use a gear reduction box to increase the power of the winch. However, on smaller vehicle-mounted winches, the winch motor is often a direct drive motor and is actually attached to the drive gears through the use of a coupler. This prevents any possibility of slippage due to wet or debris covered belts or gears.
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