Acetyl l-tyrosine is a dietary supplement used to treat deficiencies that can lead to physical and mental health problems. It is a precursor to neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones, and can improve cognition and metabolism. It is found in high-protein sources and has a higher bioavailability when made with an acetyl group. The recommended dose is between 150mg and 700mg per day.
Acetyl l-tyrosine is an acetylated derivative of the non-essential amino acid l-tyrosine that occurs naturally in the human body. The name comes from the Greek word tyri, meaning “cheese,” named for a German scientist who found the compound in casein, a protein derived from cheese. The amino acid is not essential because l-tyrosine can be made in the body from l-phenylalanine. Acetyl l-tyrosine is sold as a dietary supplement throughout the world and is used by many people who suffer from a deficiency, which can lead to various physical and mental health problems. L-Tyrosine is known for its mood-stabilizing, cognitive-enhancing, and metabolism-boosting effects on the body.
L-tyrosine is a precursor of many essential compounds for the normal functioning of the human system. These include the neurotransmitters dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, which regulate behavior and mood. Having inadequate amounts of l-tyrosine for neurotransmitter production is implicated in conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Parkinson’s disease. The thyroid hormones threonine and thyroxinine also rely on the amino acid as a precursor, and a deficiency can lead to a sluggish thyroid, and in turn, weight gain and decreased metabolism. The thyroid stimulating effect, along with the known appetite regulating abilities of l-tyrosine, have made it a popular bodybuilding and diet aid supplement.
Acetyl l-tyrosine improves cognition due to its interaction with the body’s “fight or flight” response. L-Tyrosine has a specific action on the amygdala portion of the brain, which can increase heart rate and therefore increase glucose stores and oxygen supply necessary for optimal brain function. Increased oxygen delivery to muscles around the body can alleviate debilitating symptoms of conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome.
A plentiful supply of l-tyrosine can be found in high-protein sources such as dairy products, meats, and nuts. When the supplement is made with an acetyl group added, it has a higher bioavailability, mainly because regular l-tyrosine is mostly insoluble in water, and a much smaller dose of the amino acid is needed to be effective. L-tyrosine and L-phenylalanine are dependent on each other for synthesis, so many people take both supplements together to ensure adequate levels of each amino acid. The recommended dose of acetyl l-tyrosine is between 150mg and 700mg per day, and may need to be adjusted if side effects such as insomnia and rapid heartbeat occur. It is recommended that a physician monitor acetyl L-tyrosine supplementation.
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