Acoustic warfare is the use of underwater acoustic energy to identify and intercept targets and protect friendly vessels. Technicians use acoustic information to collect data and can also use active emission of acoustic energy to jam enemy electronic systems. The concept began in World War II, and those specializing in acoustic warfare receive unique training.
Acoustic warfare uses underwater acoustic energy to identify and intercept targets and to protect friendly vessels. Acoustic warfare specialists work with various acoustic sensors and sonar equipment, typically on submarines and ships. Effective use of the underwater acoustic spectrum is an important aspect of modern warfare, enabling nations to protect themselves from enemy submarines and ships, and ensuring that countries have control over their territorial waters.
There are several aspects to acoustic warfare. In the first sense, technicians use acoustic information to collect data. For example, a technician on a submarine might identify an unusual sound and prompt personnel to investigate to determine whether or not it is a threat. An experienced technician can figure out if an animal or device is causing a sound, and in some cases may be able to determine what type of device is causing the sound; a friendly fishing vessel, for example, as opposed to an enemy submarine.
Technicians can also use active emission of acoustic energy to jam enemy electronic systems as a countermeasure. Many submarines have equipment designed to mask their acoustic characteristics, allowing them to move silently or under the cover of an acoustic shield of some sort that obscures their characteristic sounds. These countermeasures are usually designed to block enemy use of the acoustic spectrum without interfering with friendly ships and submarines.
The concept of acoustic warfare began to take hold in World War II when the Germans used U-Boats to devastating effect against Allied convoys and shipping. The Germans realized that the unique conductive properties of water could be used as a powerful military tool and also that they needed to be aware of their own acoustic emissions to ensure they could move stealthily through dangerous territory. After World War II, several nations invested in the development of submarine fleets and support tools for acoustic warfare.
Those wishing to specialize in acoustic warfare are usually offered one-of-a-kind training. You may need to take special exams to qualify, as the technician will be entrusted with delicate and complex equipment. Technicians learn a broad range of acoustic warfare measures and countermeasures that are routinely used as part of their job, and also receive extensive field experience that helps them prepare for a variety of situations.
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