Air ionization involves the formation of charged ions in the air, which can be achieved naturally or through devices. Negative ions are more effective for air purification, but there are concerns about the potential formation of harmful gases. Air ionizers can also prevent electrostatic discharges. Natural ionization can occur during storms or by rock pressure, and may have potential for earthquake prediction.
Ionization is the process by which atoms and molecules become electrically charged, forming ions. An atom can gain one or more electrons to form a negative ion or lose electrons to form a positive ion. Air ionization refers to the ionization of air molecules. This can occur as a result of various natural processes, or a device can be used to ionize the air in order to bring health benefits both directly and through the purification of the air by removing allergens, pathogens and pollutants present in the air. air. It is generally accepted that negative ions are more effective than positive ions for these purposes.
Air ionizers generally work by applying a high voltage electric current to a metal pole or needle. An electric current consists of a flow of negatively charged electrons. As the electrons approach the tip of the needle, the electrostatic repulsion between them causes them to detach from the metal surface and attach themselves to nitrogen and oxygen molecules in the air and to airborne particles, forming negative ions.
While the claimed direct health benefits of negative ions, such as relief from seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and depression, are a subject of research and debate, there is good evidence from a number of studies that ionization, particularly with negative ions negatives, it can purify the air by removing small suspended particles that could harbor harmful bacteria or allergens. It appears that when these particles are ionized, they tend to settle on grounded surfaces, such as walls and floors, leaving the air cleaner. Air ionisation has been used successfully in the dusty atmosphere of poultry farms, for example, to remove harmful bacteria from the air and to reduce the incidence of disease.
Another useful application for air ionizers is the prevention of electrostatic discharges. For example, an electrical charge can build up on sensitive electronic parts during handling or assembly, causing sparks that cause damage. An air ionizer can help neutralize the charges before the discharge occurs.
The effects of air ionizers may not always be beneficial. Ionization of nitrogen and oxygen can result in the formation of small amounts of ozone and nitrogen oxides. These are lung irritants and are classified as pollutants. There are concerns that some air ionizers may generate harmful levels of these gases.
The ionization of the air can also occur in a natural way, for example during storms and by the action of sunlight. Rock under pressure can generate electrical currents that could manifest as ionization of the air around surface rocks. It has been suggested that earthquakes could be predicted by detecting ionization effects in seismic zones.
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