The air conditioning condenser cools vapors from a compressor to liquid form through condensation. It is used in various devices and often confused with the outdoor unit in a split system. The condenser needs a fan to aid in heat transfer, and some parts may need replacement over time.
An air conditioning condenser is a vital part of an air conditioner responsible for cooling the vapors coming from a compressor. It is not only used in traditional air conditioners, but also in refrigerators and almost all other types of devices that deliver refrigerant or chilled air to another location. Sometimes, this part of the air conditioner is confused with the outdoor unit in a split system.
The air conditioning condenser looks a lot like a coil, or perhaps a radiator. Its job is to take the hot gaseous vapor coming from the condenser and cool it back to a liquid form. It does this through a process called condensation. Water vapor in the air, which is a gas, undergoes a similar process when it becomes liquid dew, commonly seen in the morning. The condenser cools the gas to a certain point to create the same effect.
The heat in an air conditioning condenser is transferred through the coils and then expelled into the air. In an air conditioning unit the hot air is expelled outside and the liquid refrigerant then goes on to the next stage of the process which is the expansion device. In the case of refrigerators, the warm air is usually simply blown out underneath or behind the unit. In most cases, the condenser will need a little help to cool the liquid fast enough, which is why a fan is often used. The fan doesn’t actually make the coolant cooler, but rather aids in the transfer of heat from inside the coil to the surrounding air. Therefore, the natural result is less heat in the coolant itself.
It should be noted that while many outdoor units are referred to as air conditioning condensers, this is not the truth. The most visible part of the units in the outer shell is often the condenser unit or the components that aid the condenser, which is why there is some confusion. The capacitor is actually one of multiple components located within that shell. The compressor is also included in the external part of a split air conditioning system. The components work together to provide the desired chilled air in a controlled environment.
Depending on the age of the air conditioner, its operating condition and use, there may be some parts of the air conditioning condenser that need to be replaced from time to time. These include coils, commonly called evaporator coils, which may eventually corrode. This could cause the refrigerant to leak. The fan motor is another vital unit for the condenser which can fail from time to time.
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