An aneurysm is a swelling of a weakened blood vessel that can burst, causing serious consequences such as stroke or death. Surgery or stents can be used to prevent future bleeding. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, and genetics. Symptoms may include severe headaches and should be checked by a doctor. Regular checkups and treatment may be necessary.
From the Greek, the word aneurysm means “to dilate or widen,” which is exactly what happens to a blood vessel when an aneurysm occurs.
This condition can be compared to a blister, but it occurs inside the body. Although there are several types, the most common is cerebral. A brain aneurysm occurs when the arteries responsible for supplying blood to the brain weaken.
The artery weakens and as blood continues to flow through the weakened spot, that section of the artery “swells up”. With continued pressure on the weakened area, the aneurysm can eventually burst, often resulting in dire consequences, such as stroke, brain death, or fatal blood loss.
The rupture is not always fatal, however, and immediate treatment can save the patient’s life. Surgery to cut the aneurysm or to insert a stint for blood flow may be indicated. This type of surgery is said to be safe and effective, and may be the best option for preventing future bleeding, water on the brain, and thinning of the arteries.
The condition can be caused by illness or injury, but some people are genetically predisposed to an aneurysm due to poor elasticity in their arteries. Other risk factors include blockages such as plaque, cigarette smoking, high blood pressure and blood infections. The condition develops wherever the pressure is strongest, commonly in areas where blood vessels divide and branch to other areas of the body.
The condition often goes unnoticed as there may be no symptoms until a rupture occurs, or the symptoms can mimic other conditions. Headache is the most common symptom of a brain aneurysm, but many people ignore the headache or simply take an aspirin and lie down. If you experience neck pain, facial pain, blurred vision, or difficulty speaking along with a severe headache, you should see your doctor right away. Your doctor can examine you to rule out other problems and may recommend an MRI or CT scan.
If an aneurysm is discovered, your doctor will recommend regular checkups to look at it or suggest treatment if a rupture is likely, based on its size and type. Treatment options may include medications to lower blood pressure or surgery may be required, depending on the patient’s overall health.
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