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Electromagnetic relays are electrical switches controlled by an electromagnet, used in various applications. Its core is an electromagnet that attracts a revolving iron armature to operate contacts. It can control a higher power output than input and is used as a buffer to isolate circuits.
An electromagnetic relay is a type of electrical switch controlled by an electromagnet. It is used in a variety of applications, including alarms and sensors, signal switching, and fault detection and control on electrical distribution lines. This device was invented in 1835 and its direct function has not changed much since then. Consumers interact daily with electromagnetic relays in a variety of forms, from timed office lights to test buttons and other quality control devices.
The core of the electromagnetic relay, of course, is an electromagnet, formed by winding a coil around an iron core. When the coil is energized by passing current through it, the core in turn becomes magnetised, attracting a revolving iron armature. As the armature rotates, it operates one or more sets of contacts, thereby affecting the circuit. When the magnetic charge is lost, the armature and contacts are released. Degaussing can cause a voltage jump across the coil, damaging other components of the device when it is turned off. Therefore, the relay usually uses a diode to limit charge flow, with the cathode connected to the more positive end of the coil.
The contacts on an electromagnetic relay can take three forms. Normally open contacts connect the circuit when the device is activated and disconnect it when the device is not activated, such as a light switch. Normally closed contacts disconnect the circuit when the relay is magnetized and a switch incorporates one for each type of contact. The configuration of contacts depends on the intended application of the device.
The electromagnetic relay is capable of controlling a higher power output than the input and is often used as a buffer to isolate circuits with varying energy potentials. When a low current is applied to the electromagnet, by activating the switch, the device is able to allow a higher current to flow. This is advantageous in some applications, such as tripping alarms and other safety devices, because a safer low current can be used to trigger an application that requires more power.
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