Exit visas are government-issued documents that control citizens leaving the country during political unrest, prevent brain drain and monitor people with debts to the government. They are still required in some countries, but are considered by some to go against human rights.
Exit visas are official government-issued documents that give a person permission to leave the country. An exit visa typically has a number of prerequisites that must be met before one is granted, just like an entry visa, and it serves several purposes. Control the number of citizens leaving the country during political unrest, prevent political rebels from fleeing the country, and help prevent brain drain. Exit visas can also monitor people who have debts to the government and can try to leave the country, as well as ensure that people on work visas complete their sponsored work successfully.
During political troubles, it is common for refugees to flee and migrate to neighboring countries. The exit visa process prevents large numbers of people from leaving the country at once and potentially overpowering other countries. The visa is also known to prevent political rebels from leaving the country.
Several smaller and developing countries use an exit visa to prevent the so-called brain drain, i.e. the emigration of skilled and professional citizens to other countries for better opportunities and living conditions. If so, it could give the country a better chance to advance to the levels of other countries. It can also be argued, however, that this limits the potential of its citizens due to a lack of available resources.
Some people may even try to leave the country because they owe the country a debt. The exit visa application process ensures that no fees are due before a person leaves. Many employers also bring workers into the country through sponsorships. To ensure that the employer realizes a return on investment, the government typically must receive formal confirmation that the work has been completed satisfactorily. If this does not happen, the worker usually does not obtain an exit visa and sometimes has to remain in the country until expulsion even if he is no longer working.
Most countries no longer require an exit visa, however, many countries such as the Middle East, Eastern Europe and South America still do. As of 2011, there is debate over the ethics of the exit visa and the purpose it serves. Several people believe that this method of monitoring and preventing the abandonment of a country goes against standard human rights. Indeed, the Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has the right to leave any country. Several governments that use the exit visa claim it helps protect the government, its people and neighboring countries.
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