Induced draft is a mechanical draft that uses fans or exhaust fans to move air or gas through a process. It offers advantages over natural draft by controlling air movement and is used in heating, air conditioning, and boiler systems to distribute hot or cool air with greater efficiency.
An induced draft is a type of mechanical draft that is produced as a means of moving air or other types of gas through a process. The draft is often created and managed with the use of fans or exhaust fans to achieve the desired speed or pace of the draft and to maintain that pace for as long as desired. The concept of induced draft is common to the boilers function, allowing both the direction and speed of the draft to be controlled to generate the optimum results.
Creating an induced draft can be handled in more than one way. One approach involves placing a jet of steam that induces air or gas inside a flue, effectively forcing gases through the system at a faster rate. This particular approach was often used with steam locomotives built with smaller chimneys, allowing for more efficient use of the steam used to drive the locomotive forward. An alternative to the steam jet is a simple fan which draws air or gas through the mechanism and pushes it through a flue at a faster rate than would be possible using other means of draft management.
An induced draft offers a couple of advantages over the more traditional natural draft. It has to do with controlling the speed of air movement. While natural draft is subject to a wider range of air conditions, induced draft can be controlled and the impact of those external factors minimized significantly. Using fans or some sort of jet stream, it is possible to regulate the movement and even keep it at a constant pace. This helps produce results that are easier to monitor and measure, which in turn helps determine if the boiler is operating at its maximum efficiency level.
The use of an induced draft is seen in a wide variety of applications. Heating and air conditioning systems use the concept to distribute hot or cool air throughout a structure with greater efficiency. Boilers that rely on ducts to distribute hot air to duct-connected radiators may also use fans to direct the flow and keep the heat supply constant. While using a mechanism to push air in a specific direction requires the addition of more equipment, the higher efficiency rate often results in less energy being used which in turn means lower operating costs for the equipment in general.
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