An industrial region is an area with many manufacturing facilities, often zoned strictly for industrial operations. Traditional urban planning has four types of zones: residential, commercial, industrial, and multi-purpose. Industrial regions are created for collaboration and to separate industrial areas from commercial and residential areas. However, they can have lower property values and higher crime rates.
An industrial region is a geographical area in which a large number of industrial or manufacturing facilities are concentrated. The area can be as small as an industrial park or as large as a city. Industrial areas are often zoned strictly for industrial operations and may have lower property values than residential or commercial areas.
Traditional urban planning has four types of zones. Residential areas contain houses, apartments and other residences. Commercial zones contain shops and other businesses, such as accountancy firms, doctors’ offices and hairdressers. Industrial zones contain manufacturing plants, airports, train stations, and similar entities. Multi-purpose zones combine two or more facility types within a single zone, usually combining residential and commercial functions.
Most government and planning agencies try to bundle manufacturing facilities for a variety of reasons. These include pollution; noise; and heavy traffic, especially with tractor trailers and other large vehicles. Additionally, industrial facilities often require large tracts of land and have little interest in amenities such as proximity to parks and property landscaping. Such structures may also be more prone to fires, chemical spills, and similar accidents, making it desirable to separate industrial areas from commercial and residential areas.
Another reason to group industries into an industry region is to promote ease of collaboration. For example, most manufacturing facilities require trucking services to transport goods. Freight companies are typically categorized as industry, so they are often located close to their primary customers, making the pick-up and delivery of goods more efficient. Other similar efficiencies are created when a parts manufacturer is close to manufacturers who use those parts to create finished products.
While there are many good reasons for creating a dedicated industrial region, such regions are prone to problems. Property values can be lower than in other zone types, for example. In addition, commercial and residential areas located adjacent to industrial estates often have lower property values than similar areas located well away from industrial estates. These types of property zones can also have higher crime rates.
Early in the development of a city or town, there will likely be more industrial zones than commercial zones because industry traditionally precedes commerce. Eventually, many developed areas transition from primarily industrial to primarily commercial. Some urban areas, cities or even towns remain heavily industrialized throughout their histories. For this reason, the term “industrial region” can easily refer to a very large geographical area.
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