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Overclocking a CPU can increase computer performance by running it at a faster clock rate than specified by the manufacturer. However, it can also put the CPU at risk from overheating and device failure. Proper cooling and understanding of the motherboard layout are necessary.
The performance of a computer usually depends on the speed of its Central Processing Unit (CPU). To increase the speed of a personal computer, it is usually necessary to upgrade the machine. There is, however, a way to change the processor speed; an overclocked CPU is set to run at a faster clock rate than specified by the manufacturer. A 2.4 gigahertz processor can be set to run at 2.5 gigahertz or higher, for example, by changing software settings or by manually adjusting it or other components on the motherboard. The change often allows computers to run faster, but can put the CPU at risk from overheating.
Most CPUs and related microprocessors are characterized by their clock speed, which is a value based on how many instructions are executed each second. Each device is typically capable of operating with a given set of instructions and processing a maximum number of bits with each instruction. An overclocked CPU runs at a higher speed and voltage than it was designed for, which can lead to heat buildup if proper cooling is not in place.
Computer performance is not always increased by changing the CPU clock frequency. Memory modules generally need to support increased power and speed as well. Most processors include components called the frontside bus, which allow the overclocked CPU to communicate with the computer system, and a multiplier. Depending on the processor, the clock cycles of one or both of these components can be increased. Sometimes the procedure involves manually changing the switch settings on the motherboard or resetting a software interface called the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS); both often need to be adjusted.
Overclocking usually requires an understanding of the motherboard layout. An overclocked CPU can typically only be boosted up to a certain level; to avoid immediate damage, it is usually recommended to increase performance by 50 megahertz or less at a time. It’s also generally important to write down the original settings in case an overclocked computer doesn’t perform as expected. It may therefore be more convenient to return the system to its original settings.
The risks of working with an overclocked CPU include the potential for device failure. Parts of it can actually melt if the temperature is too hot. If some components fail, data may be corrupted. Overclocking a CPU can cause your computer to crash and freeze frequently, while some manufacturers even void your hardware warranty if they don’t support the process.
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