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The Apache Nation is a group of Native Americans who have lived in the southwestern United States since the 16th century. They were nomadic people who survived mainly by hunting buffalo until they interacted with the Pueblo Indians who taught them how to farm and use horses. The Apaches were known to be fierce warriors and have superior strategic skills in warfare. Geronimo, one of the most famous Apache leaders, led a group of warriors that became the last major Native American group to submit to US rule. Today, the modern Apache nation includes six regional groups living on a variety of Indian reservations.
The Apache Nation is made up of six regional groups of Native Americans who have lived in the southwestern United States since the 16th century. They are known to be fierce warriors and have superior strategic skills in warfare. Many people know Geronimo, one of the most famous Apache leaders.
Prior to the Spanish conquest of Mexico in the 1500s, the Apache people called northern Mexico and areas of today’s Texas home. After encountering the Spanish conquistador Coronado, they begin migrating to modern-day Oklahoma and Texas. The Apaches were nomadic people who survived mainly by hunting buffalo until they interacted with the Pueblo Indians who taught them how to farm and use horses.
The Apaches lived in brush-covered log cabins called wikiups. The Apache women, who were responsible for the construction of the dwellings, were able to build a new wikiup in about two hours if the tribe needed to move. Some Plains Apaches and Lipan Apaches lived in teepees because they were larger and easier to build. The Apaches were under constant attack, so both men and women learned to ride and shoot to defend villages.
Early Apache clothing consisted of stereotypical Native American clothing such as buckskin suits and loincloths. However, most of the Apache Nation did not wear war caps or feather headdresses. Instead, they adopted more modern dress from the Mexicans in the 1800s. Men wore white cotton tunics and pants, while women wore calico skirts and dresses.
The Apache Nation is well known for its fearless leader Geronimo, who led a group of warriors that became the last major Native American group to submit to US rule. Geronimo and his fighters fought, raided, and fled both US Army and Mexican troops for about a year. His guerrilla tactics ultimately backfired and he surrendered to the United States Army on September 4, 1886 at Skeleton Canyon in Arizona. He was imprisoned at Fort Pickens, Florida and moved to Fort Sill, Oklahoma in 1894.
The modern Apache nation includes the Jicarilla and Mescalero tribes living in New Mexico, the Chiricahua living near the Arizona-New Mexico border, the Western Apache living in Arizona, the Lipan Apache living in southwest Texas, and the Oklahoma Plains Apache. The tribes reside on a variety of Indian reservations.
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