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Astragalus root, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, contains over 40 constituents including astragaloside which protects the heart and has immune-boosting qualities. It is used to treat a variety of conditions, but should not be taken during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) is a botanical member of the pea family native to China, Korea and Mongolia. Also known by the common names milk vetch or huang qi, astragalus root is believed to possess several medicinal properties. In fact, astragalus root has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries. In the United States it is available as a dietary supplement.
Researchers believe that the medicinal benefit of astragalus root is due to the presence of more than 40 constituents, including bioflavonoids, polysaccharides and coumarins. The root also contains various amino acids and trace elements. Of particular interest, however, is astragaloside, a saponin that appears to provide protection to the heart by inhibiting the expression of certain proteins and enhancing the transport of calcium between cells under stress. This activity has been observed in studies in which myocardial cell damage was induced by hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) and subsequent reoxygenation of cardiomyocytes in vitro. The introduction of astragaloside significantly suppressed troponin release, indicating minimal damage to cells.
Astragalus root is also valued for its antioxidant and immune-boosting qualities. In addition to discouraging free radical activity, it is used to prevent and treat head colds and upper respiratory tract infections. The researchers also noted that supplementing with astragalus root is particularly beneficial for patients with compromised immune function, particularly those exposed to radiation or chemotherapy. However, it is still unclear whether this herb can help people with HIV/AIDS.
Studies have shown that astragalus root also provides anti-inflammatory activity. For this reason it is recommended as a topical treatment for wounds and internally for gastric ulcers. Additionally, the herb is used as a diuretic and as a digestive aid to relieve nausea and diarrhea.
The list of conditions that astragalus root is used to treat is long. As an immune booster, it is often suggested to control hyperthyroidism, herpes, heart disease and diabetes. As an inflammatory, it is used to treat allergies, asthma, fever, and chronic fatigue. It is also frequently recommended to prevent and/or treat kidney disorders and atherosclerosis.
The root can be prepared and taken in a variety of ways. It can be made into an alcohol-based tincture, as a decoction (strong tea), or as an extract for injection. The dried and powdered root is also available in capsule form. Additionally, the fresh root can be cut or sliced and added to tea, soup or other foods, or even chewed raw. However, the root should be harvested from mature plants, usually when they are four years old.
Astragalus root is generally well tolerated and produces no significant side effects. However, it can interact with other medications. For example, this herb can enhance the action of antiviral drugs (i.e. acyclovir and interferon), diuretics, immunosuppressant drugs, and blood thinners (Warfarin). Also, astragalus root should not be taken during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
