Cephalic version is a procedure to turn a breech fetus to a head-first position to reduce complications during delivery. There are two types: internal and external. The external method is safer and more commonly performed. It can help avoid a C-section and is safe when performed by trained professionals.
Cephalic version refers to a procedure performed on a pregnant woman to transform a fetus from a breech presentation to a cephalic presentation. A head-first presentation is when the fetus is face-down and is considered the normal positioning for birth. Breech presentation means that the fetus approaches the feet or buttocks of the birth canal first. Because there can be many complications during a vaginal breech birth, most breech babies are delivered via cesarean section. The cephalic version can be performed during pregnancy in an attempt to turn the baby in order to reduce the risk of complications or the need for surgery.
There are two types of cephalic version: internal and external. Because the internal type can be dangerous to the fetus, your doctor may recommend a cesarean section instead. The internal procedure, however, can still be used in an emergency. During this process, the doctor inserts his or her hand into the uterus, through the cervix, to directly turn the fetus.
The external cephalic version is much more commonly performed than the internal method. This procedure is usually not attempted until about 36 weeks of gestation, because many fetuses will transition from breech to cephalic presentation independently as the pregnancy progresses. If the baby is still in breech presentation this late in the pregnancy, he most likely won’t roll over on his own and your doctor may suggest this surgery.
Before performing the procedure, doctors usually do an ultrasound to confirm that the fetus is still in breech presentation. The doctor may also perform a nonstress test before and after the cephalic version to check the well-being of the fetus. In some cases, the mother may be given medications to relax the uterus or anesthesia to reduce discomfort. The doctor then presses on the outside of the mother’s abdomen, using her hands to manually turn the fetus into the head-down position.
The external cephalic version is typically done as an outpatient procedure, with some risks. There is a slight chance of premature labor or rupture of membranes. If the fetus shows signs of distress during the procedure and this does not improve after the procedure is stopped, it may be necessary to perform a caesarean section. There is also the possibility that after a successful cephalic version, the fetus may revert to breech presentation.
Overall, studies indicate that the external cephalic version is a safe procedure when performed by trained professionals. For expectant mothers whose fetuses are in breech presentation, a successful procedure can help reduce complications during delivery. Also, for those women who would like to give birth vaginally, the procedure can help them avoid having a C-section.
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