Cervical spondylosis is caused by wear and tear on the neck bones and cartilage, with aging being the main risk factor. Symptoms include neck pain, loss of flexibility, and weakness or numbness in the arms and hands. Treatment options range from nonsurgical to surgical, depending on the severity of the condition.
Cervical spondylosis is a condition caused by uneven wear and tear on the bones and cartilage in the neck. Also called arthritis of the neck, this disorder can be the result of spurs on the spinal bones or ligament and disc problems. Osteoarthritis is thought to be the main cause of this condition. The main risk factor for developing cervical spondylosis is aging; however, a previous neck injury can also make a person more susceptible to the disorder.
The most common cause of spinal cord problems in people over the age of 55 is cervical spondylosis. Symptoms of this condition can be the result of spinal cord compression, spinal nerve root compression, or both. An unsteady, jerky walk and loss of neck flexibility are early indications that the spinal cord is compressed, with decreased sensation in both the hands and feet. If the compression is centered around the spinal cord roots, there is usually extreme neck pain that radiates to the head, arms, and shoulders. Arm muscles can weaken and waste away, causing the arms to sag.
The symptoms of neck arthritis range from mild to profound. Overuse of the neck or a muscle spasm of the neck or ligaments can cause an exacerbation of symptoms. Individuals who experience a flare-up will often have neck stiffness, typically after a night’s sleep. Headaches are also common, and there may be weakness or numbness in the arms and hands.
Doctors usually diagnose cervical spondylosis based on the patient’s symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can confirm the diagnosis. MRI is the preferred scan method, because it shows a more detailed view of the spinal cord and spinal cord roots. Both methods, however, can reveal which of the spinal nerve roots is affected and the extent to which the spinal cord is compressed.
Cervical spondylosis symptoms may lessen or stabilize without any form of treatment. If symptoms are mild, a variety of nonsurgical treatment options are available, including medications, rest, and physical therapy. While nonsurgical treatments can remove symptoms, the underlying cause remains. Follow-up visits are essential to check the progress of symptoms.
Surgical treatment is preferable for the most severe forms of cervical spondylosis. Spinal surgery is often used to remove disc matter or bone spurs and can provide lasting pain relief. The earlier the surgery is performed, the more promising the prognosis.
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