Chondroitin sulfate is a natural compound found in the body that is a fundamental component of cartilage. Chondroitin supplements may help relieve osteoarthritis pain, stiffness, and swelling, and improve joint function. However, studies have yielded mixed results. Chondroitin supplements are typically made from beef or shark by-products and may interact with anticoagulant medications. Synthetic or algae-based supplements may be more suitable for vegans and vegetarians.
Chondroitin supplements contain chondroitin sulfate, a compound that occurs naturally in the body. Chondroitin Sulfate is a fundamental component of cartilage, the connective tissue that makes smooth and painless joint function possible. Chondroitin supplements often contain glucosamine, a similar substance also found in cartilage. Scientific research suggests that glucosamine and chondroitin supplements may be beneficial in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
The chondroitin sulfate molecule binds with elastin and collagen to form cartilage in the joints. Cartilage is a tough yet flexible connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber in all joints in the body. With age, the body produces less chondroitin and the body’s cartilage can begin to degenerate. When the degeneration becomes severe, the condition is known as osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis usually occurs when cartilage degeneration becomes so severe that the joints are no longer protected from shock. Friction between bones can lead to painful joint inflammation. Research suggests that chondroitin supplements may compensate for the body’s reduced ability to produce chondroitin sulfate. Some scientific findings suggest that chondroitin supplementation may relieve osteoarthritis pain, relieve stiffness and swelling in affected joints, and improve joint function for up to three months after supplementation ends. Multiple studies on the benefits of chondroitin for osteoarthritis have yielded mixed results, with many studies showing no measurable benefit in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Chondroitin supplements are generally made from bovine and shark cartilage. The body makes its own chondroitin, but dietary sources are rare. Chondroitin sulfate supplements are generally available as tablets or capsules. Supplements commonly contain glucosamine and may also contain manganese, a trace mineral necessary for healthy bones. Adults are usually recommended to take 400 mg of chondroitin three times a day or 600 mg twice a day.
Since chondroitin supplements are typically made from beef or shark meat by-products, they may not be suitable for vegans and vegetarians. Chondroitin supplements made synthetically or from algae may be more suitable for those who do not wish to consume animal by-products.
Glucosamine and chondroitin supplements can interact with anticoagulant medications. Those taking heparin or other anticoagulant medications are advised to consult a physician before taking chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate may also enhance the blood-thinning properties inherent in vitamin E and fish oil supplements, which can lead to dangerous side effects in those taking pharmaceutical doses of these supplements. Medical supervision is recommended when combining a chondroitin dietary supplement with fish oil or vitamin E.
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