Chronic cancer is a terminal disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body, which can affect all animals. It is classified into stages, with stage II to stage IV cancers considered chronic and difficult to treat. Symptoms vary depending on the location and progression of the disease, and traditional treatments may not work.
Chronic cancer is a disease of mammalian cells and, as such, can affect all animals. Focusing on human cancer, chronic cancer is typically a terminal disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells in the human body. The affected cells could be in the lungs, brain or even in the blood; all cells in the human body and all human organs can become cancerous. Most cancers develop as a result of accumulated DNA damage, although more factors than are known may play a role. DNA is a nucleic acid, a biological molecule, which contains genetic information and instructions on how to develop specific components of human cells.
The medical establishment has devised a clustering methodology to classify the stages of cancer, from ‘stage 0’ to ‘stage IV’. A cancer officially diagnosed as a “chronic cancer” is much more difficult to treat; stage II to stage IV cancers are usually considered chronic. Stage II cancers are located in a single area within the body, but are in an advanced stage. Stage III is similar to stage II but depends on the severity and anatomical location of the cancer. Stage IV cancer is very serious; the designation indicates that the cancer has metastasized, meaning that the cancer has spread to other organs throughout the human body. When the cancer has metastasized, the disease is terminal in most cases.
Different types of chronic cancer, such as stage IV chronic leukemia and stage III lung cancer, exhibit a variety of symptoms in the affected individual. The symptoms an individual experiences during the later stages of chronic cancer depend entirely on the location and progression of the disease. For example, a stage III lung cancer patient might experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, a persistent dry cough, and coughing up blood. A patient with stage IV chronic leukemia might experience extreme tiredness and abnormal bleeding. The overall long-term prognosis for chronic cancer is bleak, mainly because cancers in the above later stages are notoriously difficult to treat. If traditional treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation, don’t work, patients may choose to stop treatment and focus solely on controlling the severe symptoms and pain associated with the disease, often with pain-relieving medications such as morphine.
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