The Colville Reservation is a 1.4 million acre American Indian reservation in Washington state, home to 12 tribes collectively known as the Confederate Tribes of the Colville Reservation. The reservation was established in 1872 by President Ulysses S. Grant and has been reduced in size over time. Today, it is divided into four districts and is home to nearly 10,000 descendants of the tribes, although only about half live on the reservation.
The Colville Reservation is a 1.4 million acre (5.6 billion m2) American Indian reservation located in the U.S. state of Washington. It is home to more than 5,000 people from 12 Native American tribes. They are collectively known as the Confederate Tribes of the Colville Reservation.
The Confederate Tribes of the Colville Reservation consist of 12 tribes: the Colvilles, the Okanogans, the Palus, the San Poils, the Entiats, the Chelans, the Nez Perce, the Lakes, the Methows, the Wenatchis, the Nespelems, and the Moses -Columbia. Most of these tribes were nomadic before the mid-1800s, with a trading post at Kettle Falls in present-day Washington. They began settling more permanently in the northwestern part of the country as non-Native settlers began making land claims.
In 1872, President Ulysses S. Grant established the Colville Reservation to contain these 12 tribes. At that time, the reservation outlined by Grant’s executive order included several million acres of land that included rivers, streams, forests, prairies, and minerals, in what was then known as Washington Territory. The reserved area for the reservation was downgraded just a month later to less than three million acres. This is suspected to have been done because mineral-rich deposits have been found in areas that have been removed from reserve ownership. The government continued to reclaim pieces of land that had been allotted to the tribes until it was a fraction of what they were originally allotted. In 1956, the US government returned 800,000 acres (3.2 billion m2) of land to the Colville Reservation in recognition of how badly Native American tribes had been treated in the past.
Today, the Colville Reservation is located in north-central Washington state, just northwest of Spokane, the state capital. It is divided into four districts for legislative purposes. These are the Omak district, which is the west-central part of the property; the Nespelem District, which is centrally located and contains the headquarters of the reservation; the Keller District, which is the east-central portion of the reservation; and the District of Inchelium, which is the remainder of the Easter division.
Nearly 10,000 descendants of the 12 tribes are part of the Confederate tribes of the Colville Reservation, but only about half of those people actually live on his land. Many members live, work and go to school in small communities adjacent to the property.
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