Crater Lake, in Oregon’s Southern Cascade Mountains, is a deep, blue lake formed in a collapsed volcano. It’s the deepest lake in the US, with no inlet or outlet, and is surrounded by a National Park offering hiking and other activities.
Crater Lake is a large lake located in the Southern Cascade Mountains of Oregon. The lake is distinctive because it was formed in the caldera of an erupted and partially collapsed volcano about 7,000 years ago. It is the deepest lake in the United States, and the seventh deepest lake in the world, and holds the distinction of being entirely above sea level, thanks to the high elevation. The lake and surrounding area was designated a National Park in 1902. 286 square miles (741 kilometers) of area is covered by the National Park, so there’s plenty to explore beyond Crater Lake itself.
The formation of the crater lake began when Mount Mazama erupted and the top of the volcano collapsed to form a large caldera. The eruption spread volcanic material across much of the Pacific Northwest, and the caldera it left behind began to slowly fill thanks to snow and rain. The total volume of ejecta is estimated to be at least 150 times greater than the material ejected from Mount Saint Helens in 1980. There is no inlet or outlet to Crater Lake, and the water level appears to be maintained primarily through snowfall and evaporation, with some infiltration.
The depth of Crater Lake’s deepest point has been measured at 1,932 feet (589 meters) and is six miles (10 kilometers) at its widest point. Crater Lake is home to two islands and a fish population created by the introduction of several fish species in the early 1900s. The lake has a distinctive deep blue color and intensely clear water quality, leading some to call it the “Jewel of the Falls”. Crater Lake also has steep walls, due to the way it was formed. Visitors to the lake often observe the highly variable weather, which can range from beautiful sunny days to overcast and gloomy days. Layers of clothing are highly recommended.
Visitors to Crater Lake can gaze from the rim of the caldera or tour the lake itself. Swimming, fishing and boating are permitted, although people with disabilities may find it difficult to reach the lake, as it is reached by a very steep path. The surrounding National Park also offers walking and hiking opportunities and is a popular destination, especially in summer. Visitors can either pay to enter the park or use a National Parks Pass. Lodging and other services are available seasonally and reservations are strongly recommended.
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