Computed tomography (CT) uses rotating X-ray equipment and a computer to produce clear images of different tissue types, including soft tissue, bone, muscle, and blood vessels. It is commonly used for diagnosing and treating cancer, musculoskeletal disorders, and vascular diseases. The procedure is painless but requires the patient to remain still.
Computed tomography (CT), also known as computed axial tomography (CAT), involves the use of rotating X-ray equipment, combined with a digital computer, to obtain images of the body. Using CT imaging, cross-sectional images of organs and tissues in the body can be produced. While many other imaging techniques exist, this form has the unique ability to offer clear images of different tissue types. It can provide views of soft tissue, bone, muscle, and blood vessels, without sacrificing clarity. Other imaging techniques are much more limited in the types of images they can provide.
To understand the difference between CT imaging and other techniques, consider an x-ray of the head. Using basic radiographic techniques, the bony structures of the skull can be visualized. With magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood vessels and soft tissue can be visualized, but clear, detailed images of bone structures cannot be obtained. On the other hand, X-ray angiography can provide a look at the blood vessels in the head, but not the soft tissue. A CT scan of the head can provide clear images of not only soft tissue, but also bones and blood vessels.
CT imaging is commonly used for diagnostic purposes. In fact, it is a primary imaging method used in the diagnosis of a variety of cancers, including those affecting the lungs, pancreas and liver. Using this type of imaging, medical professionals can not only confirm the existence of tumors, but can also pinpoint their locations, precisely measure the size of the tumors, and determine whether or not they have spread to nearby tissues.
In addition to diagnosing some types of cancer, a CT scan can be used to plan and administer radiation cancer treatments, as well as to plan certain types of surgery. It is useful for guiding biopsies and a number of other procedures classified as minimally invasive. Thanks to its ability to provide clear images of bones, muscles and blood vessels, it is an invaluable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. It is often used to measure bone mineral density and to detect injury to internal organs. A CT scan is even used for the diagnosis and treatment of some vascular diseases which, left undetected and untreated, have the potential to lead to kidney failure, stroke or death.
CT imaging itself is painless, but some individuals may experience discomfort because they are required to remain still for a period of time. The procedure is typically performed by a well-trained CT technician.
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