Cystic cystitis is a bladder condition caused by chronic irritation and inflammation, leading to the formation of mucous cysts that can become cancerous. Symptoms include pelvic pain and difficulty urinating. Diagnosis involves imaging, endoscopy, and biopsy, with treatment including medication, surgery, or removal of the bladder. Recurring bladder infections should be evaluated to prevent progression to cystic cystitis.
Cystic cystitis is a bladder condition in which a series of mucous cysts form in the bladder wall. A condition called glandular cystitis causes similar lesions, although they may not necessarily involve glandular tissue. Left untreated, this condition can lead to adenocarcinoma of the bladder due to cellular changes. A urologist is usually involved in diagnosis and treatment.
People develop cystic cystitis due to chronic irritation and inflammation of the bladder. They may have a history of bladder infections, associated with a problem such as stones in the urine, tumors or other irritants in the bladder. Over time, the bladder reacts to the irritation by producing more mucus and eventually developing more mucus-producing cells. These cells proliferate, forming masses, and begin growing into the bladder wall before breaking apart and creating cysts. Cysts fill with mucus, as they are lined with mucus cells.
Patients may notice symptoms such as pelvic pain, difficulty urinating, or changes in urine color. In some cases, cystic cystitis causes urinary obstruction, and the patient may urinate only with difficulty, if at all. The growing irritation in the bladder will increase, causing the lesions to grow. Eventually, this condition can convert from benign to malignant, causing cancerous tumors to develop. These growths can spread beyond the bladder in metastatic bladder cancer.
To diagnose this condition, a doctor can take pictures of the bladder and may order an endoscopy to see what is going on inside this organ, as well as collect a sample for a biopsy. A pathologist can determine which cell types are involved and provide insight into how rapidly they grow. After diagnosis, treatment may include medications to resolve inflammation and surgery to remove irritants such as stones. If the condition has reached an extreme stage, the urologist may recommend removing the blister altogether.
People who experience recurring bladder infections may want to get a medical evaluation to find out why and see if the problem can be addressed before they have a chance to progress to cystic cystitis. Pelvic pain and difficulty urinating must be treated quickly to avoid complications. If a patient is diagnosed with cystic cystitis, the doctor can provide information about available treatment options and the prognosis with several choices. Patients can also request a second option from another provider if they want a comprehensive view of the types of treatments they have access to.
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