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Deep drawing is a process that involves stretching sheet metal around a plug and into a stamping cutter to create shapes more than half their diameter at depth. It is used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and pharmaceuticals, and requires expensive equipment and accessories. It differs from metal stamping and is similar to metal spinning.
Deep drawing is the process of manufacturing sheet metal, called blanks, into geometric or irregular shapes that are more than half their diameter at depth. It involves stretching the blank piece of metal around a plug and then moving it into a stamping cutter called a die. Common shapes of these products include cylinders for aluminum cans and cups for baking trays. Irregular items, such as housing covers for truck oil filters and fire extinguishers, are also commonly manufactured by this method.
The average kitchen sink is a perfect example of deep drawing technology as it is both deep and seamless. Other parts manufactured for industry range from tiny eyelets used as stiffeners to large enclosures that house industrially manufactured equipment.
A wire drawing press can be used to form sheet metal into different shapes and the finished shape depends on the final position the blanks are pushed into. The metal used must be malleable and resistant to stress and strain damage.
Industries that rely on this technology include aerospace, automotive, dairy, lighting, pharmaceuticals and plastics. The companies that make these parts require engineered operations, and deep drawing presses are relatively expensive.
Accessories such as molds, tool plates, and columns are required to manufacture the parts. While a mold is needed to stretch the material beyond the edge of the mold to produce the required shape, a tooling plate or column is needed as a surface to hold the pieces.
Deep drawing differs from metal stamping, in that instead of using single-piece blanks, metal stamping uses a continuous stream of sheet metal blanks in a strip. Metal spinning, on the other hand, is similar, as both operations produce seamless, circular components. Some technologies combine aspects of stamping and spinning to provide the most cost-effective manufacturing solution.
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