Destructive testing is used to determine the strength, safety, and durability of products by ultimately destroying the sample being tested. It is less expensive for mass-produced items and can be conducted at any point in a product’s development. Welds undergo stress, impact, and hardness tests to determine their strength and quality. Destructive testing is useful for anything that could be subjected to extreme conditions, including car crash tests and testing of house roofs to mitigate hurricane damage.
Destructive testing is a type of test used in manufacturing that ultimately destroys the sample being tested. Used to determine the strength, safety and durability of products, destructive testing is often used to test welds, but is probably best known as a method for testing automotive safety. Destructive testing comes in three forms: stress or stability; impact or safety; and hardness, or strength, trials.
Designed to find weaknesses that aren’t immediately apparent, destructive testing is usually much more decisive than non-destructive testing. When dealing with mass-produced items, this form of testing is also less expensive than other methods because only a small handful of the product will be destroyed. When it comes to other products, however, this method can be expensive. Destructive testing can be conducted on a product at any point in its development, from the inception of research to the manufacturing stages.
Because the breaking point often happens very quickly, tests are typically recorded by high-quality cameras, designed to capture every detail of the test. The tests also use a variety of measuring devices that provide the exact conditions at the breaking point. Temperature, pressure, and other types of sensory data are almost always recorded for later study along with the visual record of destructive testing.
Welds, in particular, go through many types of destructive tests when used on products. A weld is a bond that connects two pieces of metal by fusing the metals together. It is used on a variety of different products including vehicles and buildings, so the strength and solidity of particular types of welds are important.
Welds are subjected to stress, impact and hardness tests. The free bend, gouge, gouge, and fillet weld tests are all types of stress tests that test the strength and quality of a weld. Impact tests are designed to break the weld in one blow at various angles. The welds also undergo tensile strength tests, which pull the weld at both ends until it breaks. Recording under what conditions the weld fails provides researchers with important information about what type of weld can be used and what conditions would make the weld unsafe.
Destructive testing is wise for anything that could be subjected to extreme conditions. Car manufacturers use crash tests to see what actually happens to a car in a collision. These tests allow researchers to test safety procedures in real time that would be impossible if they had to keep the car intact. However, destructive testing is not only useful for man-made conditions. For example, the International Hurricane Research Center in Florida uses destructive testing of house roofs to attempt to mitigate hurricane damage to homes.
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