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Finance theory involves speculation and mathematical measurements to determine investment strategies, fundraising plans, and manage financial risk. It includes measuring the value of money over time, creating viable investment strategies, and running a business. Luck and chance play a role, and understanding financial theories requires a background in mathematics and the financial market.
Finance theory is a broad field of speculation and mathematical measurements used to determine investment strategies and estimates of monetary value. Finance theories are also used to create fundraising and capital building plans and manage financial risk. Each area of finance may have dozens of associated financial theory concepts; understanding them all could take a lifetime of study.
Some types of financial theory help determine specific things, such as the amount of money that will be paid over time on a mortgage or car loan. These theories measure the initial investment, the amount of payments, and the impact of interest to help determine the true value of a loan. Some financial theories take this analysis a step further, taking into account issues such as likely inflation through the use of algorithms and economic forecasts. Measuring the value of money over time can be quite important to investors, as it allows a long-term perspective on a decision made in the present.
Most of financial theory, however, does not deal in absolute terms. Some financial experts will freely admit that investment theories and market patterns can have a large component of luck and chance that all theories in the world cannot be completely eliminated. As with gambling, strategies, practice, and theory can help maximize your chances of winning, but they cannot guarantee a win. For that reason, financial experts often encourage investors to continue educating themselves on new financial theories and concepts.
Some financial theory revolves around running a business. Factors that go into creating a financial theory or strategy for a company may include its current profit margin, debt-to-asset ratio, market forecast, and possibility of incorporation. Looking at all of these factors can help a business owner or financial manager create a workable plan for the future by balancing the possibility of risk with the possibility of return.
Personal finance theory generally revolves around creating viable investment strategies. One of the most popular financial theories is known as modern portfolio theory, or MPT, and it suggests that one of the most successful ways to achieve reliable returns is through investment diversification. By spreading stocks and shares across multiple markets, an investor can reduce the risk of a serious loss due to a crash in a particular market.
Understanding many financial theories requires a background in both mathematics and the financial market. There are many books and websites that help explain the basics of particular financial theory, or give an overview of the most popular theories in a field of finance. Financial theory is often a popular topic for community college seminars or courses, which can provide a great starting point for new investors.
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