Frontal lobe syndrome is caused by physical damage to the front of the brain, resulting in personality changes and thinking impairment. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and psychological evaluations, and treatment options are limited to behavior therapy and family support. Empathy and support from loved ones are crucial for patients.
Frontal lobe syndrome is a brain disorder that is usually caused by physical damage to the front of the brain. Severe head trauma, infection, stroke, and some chronic ailments can compromise the delicate nerve connections and tissues in a section of the frontal lobe. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the extent of the damage and the specific area affected, but most people experience some degree of personality change and thinking impairment. For example, a person might have a very short attention span, poor judgment, and communication problems. Treatment options are limited, but behavior therapy and serious family support can help many patients maintain productive and enjoyable lives.
The frontal lobe is involved in many different cognitive functions. It aids in memory, attention, decision making, judgment and consciousness. Damage to part of the earlobe can affect any or all of these functions. A person who has frontal lobe syndrome may lose the ability to hold a meaningful conversation or rationally choose the best course of action in an everyday situation. In some cases, patients are unable to consider the feelings of others and to act and speak in highly offensive ways. They can become depressed, withdrawn and easily agitated.
Diagnosing frontal lobe syndrome typically involves looking for signs of brain damage using imaging tests such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Such tests may reveal lesions, tumors, inflammation, or signs of abnormal bleeding. After a neurologist has determined that frontal lobe damage is likely the cause of a patient’s symptoms, she can arrange a consultation with a neuropsychologist for further evaluation. Memory games, sequence challenges, and other psychological tests help measure the severity of a person’s cognitive impairments.
Treatment decisions are made on a patient-by-patient basis. Few people with frontal lobe syndrome respond well to medications, and surgery is often too risky and uncertain to even consider. If a cancerous tumor is found, however, radiation and chemotherapy may be considered. Medicines to regulate blood pressure or antibiotics to relieve infections may help some people get worse, but the damage already done is often permanent. A patient can be scheduled for behavior therapy sessions with an experienced psychologist to study and practice better decision-making skills.
It is very important for friends and family of a person with frontal lobe syndrome to learn about the disorder and try to empathize with the sufferer. Patients may say things harshly and fail to express true emotions, but they are still the same loved ones. Love and support are integral parts of helping people lead lives as close to a normal life as possible.
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