Geochemistry studies the chemical composition of the Earth and its processes. Subsets include isotope, biogeochemistry, organic, and environmental geochemistry. It has practical applications, such as groundwater quality analysis and oil exploration. Becoming a geochemist requires a broad range of knowledge and education.
Geochemistry is the study of the chemical composition of the Earth, as well as other planets. Those interested in studying it often focus on the chemical reactions and processes that show them how various soils and rocks are created. They also study how chemicals moving through the earth interact with the atmosphere and hydrosphere.
While geochemistry is a broad field of study, there are several primary subsets: isotope geochemistry, biogeochemistry, organic geochemistry, and environmental geochemistry. Isotope geochemistry is the study of elements and isotopes of those elements on the surface and within the earth. Biogeochemistry focuses on how life affects the chemical components of the earth. Organic geochemists study how components that come from living matter affect the earth. Finally, environmental geochemists focus on how mineral exploration, environmental issues, and hydrological exploration affect the earth.
Many aspects of geochemistry are designed to keep people safe. For example, groundwater geochemists study groundwater quality through sampling and analysis. Groundwater can contain toxins that affect human health and the environment. Human activities and environmental land use can lead to poor groundwater quality. Groundwater quality directly affects the quality of drinking water in a given area: if the groundwater is of poor quality, the drinking water will also be of poor quality.
Geochemists understand that there is an abundance of information deep within the liquids, mineral deposits and gases found in and on the earth. They then have to take this information and apply it for scientific and industrial needs. For example, oil companies are interested in the chemical composition of rocks, so they know where the oil can be found. Scientists can study the earth’s components to develop theories about how and why the earth is changing. Additionally, environmental management companies may consult a geochemist to help them determine the best way to dispose of hazardous or toxic materials.
There are various scientific journals that interested people can read to know more. For example, Geochemistry International enables readers to understand deeper concepts, such as those found in biogeochemistry and environmental chemistry, as they are applied in Europe and Asia. These sources provide opportunities for educators to learn more and to teach others what they have learned
Becoming a geochemist is not a quick process. Taking earth science classes in college, progressing to a master’s program, and then going on to receive a doctorate is all possible at colleges and universities around the world. A broad range of knowledge in mathematics, toxicology, physics, soil chemistry, hydrology and plant ecology is often suggested; however, there is no set path. Depending on the employer and the employee’s level of work experience, some classes are more valuable than others.
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