Gingival hyperplasia is a condition where the gums become swollen and enlarged, often covering the teeth. It can be caused by various factors, including medication and systemic disease. Treatment approaches can vary widely, from changing medication to surgery. Early detection is important for less invasive treatment.
Gingival hyperplasia is an enlargement of the gingiva, a type of soft tissue in the mouth otherwise known as gums. This condition can be caused by a number of factors, ranging from pregnancy to systemic disease. Determining the cause of this condition is important for treatment, as treatment approaches can vary widely. Many people seek treatment for gingival hyperplasia because it can make eating difficult and can be unsightly. Gum enlargement can also appear in some pets, particularly dogs, in which case it requires veterinary attention.
In patients with this condition, the gums become swollen and enlarged. In severe cases, the gums can begin to cover the teeth. Some patients may also experience bleeding and tender gums due to the enlargement, especially if it is related to gingivitis. A dentist can examine a patient and confirm gingival hyperplasia, but another specialist doctor may need to be consulted to explore the cause of the condition and develop an effective treatment plan.
This condition can be associated with inflammatory processes, underlying diseases, and natural changes in the body that accompany puberty and pregnancy. Some people develop gingival hyperplasia in response to certain types of medications, and the condition can also be the result of a malignant growth. To determine the cause, the patient may undergo various medical tests to check for possible underlying causes.
In some cases, gingival hyperplasia can be treated by changing medications or altering the patient’s diet. Other cases may require surgery to remove the overgrowth of the gums, which may include reconstructive surgery to repair the remaining gums. Gingivectomy, in which the gum is cut away to address this condition, may include sending tissue samples to a pathology lab to learn more about the cause.
Taking care of gum disease and other oral problems is very important. These conditions can cause discomfort, but they can also contribute to systemic health problems. Mouth infections, for example, can enter the bloodstream, causing septicemia. If abnormalities are found along the gum line, a dentist may recommend follow-up visits to monitor gum growth or shrinkage, along with tests to determine the cause. When gingival hyperplasia is detected early, it may be possible to address it with less invasive techniques than in cases where the condition has been allowed to persist.
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