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GIS is a computer system for capturing, storing, analyzing, and displaying geographic information. It can collect data from GPS, paper maps, satellite imagery, and other sources. GIS mapping can be used for various purposes, including land use planning, weather forecasting, and analyzing patterns. Different formats are available for GIS mapping, such as DLG, DEM, DRG, DOQ, and DSM.
GIS is the acronym for Geographic Information System. It refers to a computer system capable of working with geographic information in various ways, initially capturing it and then storing it to analyze and display it in various ways. All location-related data and some non-location-related data may be collected, stored, analyzed and presented through such a system. Whenever GIS data is converted to a mapped format, which is often the case, since maps are a standard and useful way to transmit location-based data, GIS mapping is in progress. Other types of data reports from GIS data include graphs and charts, and GIS mapping can be used for a variety of purposes, including mapping, migratory tracking, land use planning and site selection, weather forecasting, emergency response, analyzing patterns of disease spread or environmental damage, analyzing sales, and mapping discrimination patterns.
GIS mapping data can be collected and fed into a GIS system in a variety of ways. Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers can be used to directly upload data collected in the field. Sometimes existing paper maps can be scanned into the system or plotted by hand, although some may need to be redrawn, while at the other end of the technology, satellite imagery and aerial photography are also used for data collection. Tabular information and other types of datasets, which may be collected for other purposes, may also be included in the compilation of the data.
GIS mapping can generate an original map or create an overlay for an existing map. There are a number of formats available for GIS mapping, some of which are unique to the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The Digital Line Graph (DLG) displays cartographic information through a digital vector representation. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) – also known as Digital Terrain Model (DTM) – uses a digital raster form instead, as does Digital Raster Graphic (DRG). A Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle (DOQ) is a computer version of an aerial photograph corrected for camera inset and terrain relief and combined with map qualities, and the Digital Surface Model (DSM) may also be used.
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