World communism is the ultimate goal of Marxist philosophy, where a global society based on common ownership and shared resources replaces all national entities. Marxist theory, championed by the USSR, calls for the elimination of class differences through common ownership. The spread of world communism was opposed by democratic nations, and even among Communists, there were differences on how the revolution, transition, and final state would occur. The growth of world communism eventually lost steam during this long process.
World Communism is the theoretical final state of Marxist philosophy. He envisions a utopian society in which each person contributes to the wider community according to his abilities and receives from the community according to her needs. World communism assumes a natural demise of all national entities which are replaced by a global society based on common ownership, shared labor and shared resources.
Understanding Marxist theory is a prerequisite for understanding world communism. At its basis, Marxist theory is the materialist and political thought of the philosopher and author Karl Marx. He believed that matter is all there is, that class differences are arbitrary and oppressive, and that the inevitable end of political action is the elimination of class differences through common ownership of all goods.
Many different schools of thought have grown out of Marxist theory. World communism was defined primarily by the actions of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), which was founded on Marxist principles. Championed by the USSR, particularly in the 1920s and 1930s, the concept of the Comintern, or worldwide dissemination of communist philosophy, came to embody world communism.
Most democratic nations opposed the spread of the concept of world communism. In particular, the communist nations’ call for a revolution in which communism would replace all other ideologies was unacceptable to those nations. At the same time, while many communist nations subscribed lip service to the idea of Comintern, or world communism, they continued to protect the individual rights and interests of their particular states.
Despite the opposition it raised, the theory of global revolution was a necessary prerequisite for the achievement of world communism. This concept assumed that bringing about the development of communism in all nations and the eventual eradication of nations as entities would require the imposition of communism on unwilling participants. The world revolution was to be followed by a transitional period in which previously democratic or capitalist states adopted a communist government. The utopian vision of world communism would follow this transition period.
Even among Communists, differences grew over how this three-stage process of revolution, transition, and final state would occur. Some believe it would happen organically and quickly. Others, like VI Lenin, eventually came to believe it would take a long time. It was during this long process that the growth of world communism began to lose steam.
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