Favus is a chronic fungal infection that affects the scalp, causing hair loss and scarring. It is treated with antifungal drugs and can be physically disfiguring. It is more common in developing countries and can be contagious. Treatment requires systemic antifungals and good hygiene practices.
Favus is a fungal infection that affects the scalp. It is usually caused by Trichophyton schoenleinii and is a chronic condition that can cause hair loss and scarring. Most cases of favus are found in developing countries where poverty results in precarious living conditions and malnutrition. It is treated with antifungal drugs, which may need to be taken for an extended period of time.
The disease, which usually affects only the scalp, is also known as Tinea Favus. It can be a severe form of tinea capitis, commonly known as ringworm of the scalp. Rarely, it can also affect the skin of other parts of the body or the nails. People suffering from favus tend to give off a characteristic ratty smell, due to the infection.
Initially, favus, which is commonly seen in childhood, causes erythema or redness of the skin on the scalp, especially around the hair follicles. In the second stage, the scuttle appears. These scules are crusty plaques around the base of the hair made up of fungus and skin debris and the hair can start to break out. In the third and most severe stage, extensive hair loss occurs, with scarring and the formation of further scabs. A bacterial infection of the area can occur, which may require treatment.
Although the development of favus is slow and this process can occur over years, it can be physically disfiguring and distressing for the patient. Hair loss and scarring can be permanent, especially if treatment is only given at a later stage of the disease. Favus does not appear to be as contagious as other fungal infections such as ringworm, although family members or household contacts can often become infected as well.
Treatment of favus requires systemic antifungals such as griseofulvin, terbinafine, or fluconazole. The course of treatment is usually quite long due to the fact that the scalp is infected. When treatment is given, all contacts with the infection should be treated at the same time to prevent reinfection. Topical treatment, such as shampoo or lotion, can be used in conjunction with oral medication. Good general hygiene should be encouraged to prevent any secondary infection.
The choice of treatment to be used will be decided by the prescriber. They will consider numerous factors, including your age, previous medical history, current medical conditions, and allergies. The duration of treatment will depend on the patient’s response and may extend after the infection has resolved. The course of treatment must be finished completely.
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