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Hydrazine is a toxic, fuming, and highly corrosive liquid used in rocket fuel blends, jet engines, and other applications. It poses significant risks to human health and the environment, and exposure can cause serious health problems. Hydrazine is usually well protected for travel and containers are labeled.
Hydrazine is a clear liquid that is used in a number of applications, most notably in rocket fuel blends and jet engines. It is created synthetically by chemical companies and large quantities are produced each year to meet the demand. This chemical is toxic and poses significant risks to human health, and in the industries where people work with it, they are typically offered extensive training so they can handle it safely and effectively.
The chemical formula of hydrazine is N2H4. It has been synthesized since the late 1880s, with modern technique involving sodium hypochlorite and ammonia, which react to form hydrazine. Hydrazine is a fuming chemical and is also highly corrosive and unstable, making it sometimes difficult to handle and ship. Due to the human health risks associated with hydrazine, it is usually well protected for travel.
In addition to being used in rocket fuels, hydrazine also appears in photodevelopers, flux agents, boiler water treatment, fuel cells, fluxes, and chemicals used in polymerization. It is recognizable by its smell, vaguely reminiscent of ammonia, with a musty undertone. Due to its instability and corrosiveness, containers that contain hydrazine are usually well labeled, as are products that contain this chemical.
Hydrazine can enter the environment in a number of ways which is a concern for environmental agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency in the United States. It can be shed, getting into the soil and groundwater, and evaporates easily, becoming airborne. Hydrazine contamination can also occur when rockets and their components fall to Earth, and hydrazine production also carries contamination risks. Once hydrazine enters the environment, it can be difficult to clean up.
Exposure to hydrazine can cause irritation of mucous membranes, leading to cough and sore throat. Long-term or high exposure will cause damage to the nervous system and attack the liver and kidneys as they attempt to process the toxin. Hydrazine can also cause reproductive harm and is thought to be carcinogenic. Most people will not interact with this chemical in their lifetime, and in the event that contamination puts people at risk, citizens will usually be warned so they can protect themselves.
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