Hypertelorism refers to an abnormally large distance between paired organs, most commonly the eyes. It can be associated with genetic conditions and developmental delays. Treatment is surgery, preferably performed while the patient is young, and can address other abnormalities at the same time. It is important to determine the cause before deciding on a course of treatment.
Hypertelorism is a formal term that refers to an abnormally large distance between two paired organs. Most commonly, this term is used in reference to ocular hypertelorism, in which the eyes are unusually far apart. People with this condition are usually diagnosed shortly after birth or as they begin to develop because the unusual distance is often quite noticeable. There are several options for dealing with the problem.
It is important to note that hypertelorism by itself is not necessarily harmful to the patient. However, it is often associated with genetic conditions that can be harmful or dangerous. The condition may be linked to other unusual physical characteristics as well as developmental delays that can contribute to developmental and intellectual disabilities. Wide-set eyes can be seen with a number of genetic conditions and can also be the result of skull abnormalities such as shape distortions caused by premature closure of the cranial sutures.
Hypertelorism is often treated because it can make a patient more comfortable socially and to address any adverse effects the patient may be experiencing, such as vision distortions. Treatment for this condition is surgery, preferably performed while a child is relatively young. Younger children recover more quickly from surgery, and early intervention allows the surgeon to minimize scarring and other problems.
When a surgeon corrects the condition, other abnormalities can be treated at the same time. For example, a wide-eyed child might also have nasal abnormalities that can be corrected while the child is in surgery. In surgery, the surgeon can reshape the eye sockets, bring the eyes together, and address any eccentricities in the shape of the skull that may be associated with hypertelorism.
When a doctor identifies hypertelorism in a patient, if the cause is not known, it should be determined. This can determine which course of treatment would be most appropriate and can also be used to deliver other interventions that your child may benefit from. Because surgery often needs to occur before a child can take an active role in making medical decisions, parents or guardians should discuss surgery with a surgeon to fully understand the benefits, risks, and purpose of the surgery so that they can make a choice on the part of the patient. Second opinions can also be helpful for people who are making a decision about surgery.
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