Text is learned visually and distinct from spoken language. Hypertext includes links to other texts and was coined by Ted Nelson in 1965. HTML, XHTML, and CSS are core technologies for building web pages. Hypertext can widen a web page’s audience but also has dangers such as distraction and broken links. In-text advertising has been objected to for its similarity to editorial content.
Text refers to lettered words that are learned visually, whether they appear on paper in print or on a monitor, and is distinct from spoken language, which is learned as sound. In common understanding, text is linear, the eye following one line and moving on to the next in sequence, although the sequence is culturally determined and can be left to right, right to left, or top to bottom on the page. Hypertext is a text that is freed from linear constraints by including links to other texts, both within the same work and in other, external and separate works.
The word hypertext was coined by Ted Nelson in his paper “A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate,” presented at the 20th National Conference of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1965. Nelson envisioned an interconnected system on which literature and other information has been stored and can be accessed via hypertext. He named the project “Xanadu” after the reference in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s poem “Kubla Khan”. The World Wide Web is a hypertext-based project.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) and XHTML (eXtensible HyperText Markup Language) are core technologies for building web pages, along with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). A hyperlink is indicated by a single underline and a different text color than to the surrounding text.link is constructed with an anchor element whose basic form is:
Text link
The text in the “Link Text” position is the text that will appear colored and underlined on the web page. If the link is within the same website, a relative URL may be used; if it is external, an absolute URL will be required.
With the above standard hyperlink, the link will open in the same browser window, replacing the displayed material. It is also possible to force the link to open in a new browser window by using the target attribute and designating “_blank” like so:
Text link
Hypertext can be used to provide support, for example definitions of words, which can be used discriminatively by viewers, widening a web page’s audience. The dangers of using hypertext include distraction and broken links that aren’t fixed. Many sites also suffer from inappropriate links because an algorithm rather than a human is training them, resulting, for example, in links between two people or organizations when one of them has a name that is a subset of the other. Some people have objected to in-text advertising using a different text color and double underlining on the grounds that it is too similar and that there should be a distinction between editorial and advertising content.
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