Hypopion is the leakage of fluid, commonly called pus, into the anterior chamber of the eye due to inflammation, typically accompanied by redness. It can be caused by infections or systemic disorders and may lead to complications such as glaucoma and cataracts. The hypopyon itself does not require treatment.
A hypopion is the leakage of fluid into the anterior or anterior chamber of the eye. This fluid, commonly called pus, is a collection of white blood cells that are released from inflamed blood vessels in the iris and the tissue behind the iris. The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the level of light within the eye.
This inflammation, called uveitis, is typically accompanied by redness of the conjunctiva and episclera, the outermost portion of the sclera. The conjunctiva is the mucous membrane of the eye that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera. Its main function is to produce mucus and tears to keep the eye lubricated and to help prevent microbes or microorganisms from entering the eye. The sclera is the white part of the eye.
Hypopion, also known as sterile pus, appears as a collection of yellowish exudate in the lower chamber of the eye. Exudate is a collection of fluids. It is considered sterile as the exudate occurs from the release of toxins and not from the attack of pathogens or infectious agents. This pool of fluid can make the eye itself cloudy or cloudy.
Hypopion resulting from uveitis or iritis, inflammation of the iris, is a reaction of the body to fight the infection inside the eye. Infection can be caused by a number of infectious processes. Some infections that can cause hypopyon are tuberculosis, a fatal infection of the lungs, and herpes simplex or shingles. Herpes simplex is a viral disease caused by herpes simplex viruses. Shingles, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the chickenpox virus known as varicella zoster virus.
Other infections that can cause hypopyon include Lyme disease and toxicoriasis. Lyme disease is an infection caused by ticks. Toxicosis is a parasitic infection caused by roundworms in dogs and cats that infects humans.
Hypopion can also be caused by systemic disorders. A systemic disorder is a disease or process that affects the entire body. Lyme disease, for example, is a systemic disease caused by an infectious process. Multiple sclerosis, in which the body’s autoimmune system attacks the brain and spinal cord, and psoriatic arthritis, inflammation and joint damage due to chronic skin psoriasis, are also examples of systemic disorders that can cause ipopion.
The hypopyon itself does not usually require any treatment. Inflammation that causes fluid to collect requires treatment to prevent complications. Complications can include things like glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal edema or swelling of the retina.
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