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Literary Romanticism was a response to the Industrial Revolution, favoring nature, mysticism, and idealism. It was exemplified by poets such as Keats, Byron, and Shelley, and influenced writers like Goethe, Hugo, Poe, and Whitman. Their works continue to impact philosophy, music, and politics.
Literary Romanticism is part of the larger Romantic movement that influenced Western art, music, and culture in the late 1700s and early 1800s. The movement has since been seen as a backlash against the Industrial Revolution, in favor of a return to simpler ways of life. He has expressed himself in contemporary art, philosophy and even politics. Literary Romanticism is best exemplified by the Romantic poets of England and Europe. These poets included Keats, Byron and Shelley, all from England, as well as others from mainland Europe and America.
Modern writers and historians believe the Romantic era was a response to the Enlightenment, the age when science and industry first achieved prominence over religion and tradition. During the Romantic era, many artists and intellectuals expressed a desire to resist the changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution, then in its first century. These changes, such as the increase in urban population and the large-scale exploitation of the natural environment, occurred rapidly and marked the beginning of the modern era. This was not viewed favorably by many people and the Romantic Movement proposed a return to nature, mysticism and idealism.
Literary Romanticism is perhaps the most remembered aspect of the Romantic age. In the early 1800s, Europe and especially England produced a succession of poets whose fame and influence have lasted to the present day. These included Percy Shelley, John Keats and George Gordon Byron, better known as Lord Byron. Others were William Blake, William Wordsworth and the famous Scottish poet Robert Burns. Romantic poetry favored images of untouched nature, metaphysical and individualistic feelings, and a passionate emotional life which is still called romantic today.
The impact of literary romanticism was far-reaching. Several writers from the European continent are considered part of the Romantic movement, such as the German Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and the French Victor Hugo. In America, the poets Edgar Allan Poe and Walt Whitman were greatly influenced by the Romantics. These writers are among the greatest figures in the history of literature. Burns, who wrote many of his poems in the traditional Scottish dialect, is so popular in Scotland that his birthday is celebrated as a national holiday.
Many of the key figures of literary Romanticism, such as Byron, Keats and Burns, died at a young age. Their works survived, however, to influence later generations in fields as diverse as philosophy, music, and even politics. These works include Goethe’s play Faust, Burns’ “Auld Lang Syne” and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s epic poem “Rime of the Ancient Mariner”. The Romantics’ preference for beauty and nature over industry and science initiated a philosophical conflict that is still debated. The popular image of poets as moody, passionate artists with little interest in the real world is also a legacy of the Romantic movement.
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