Lupus nephritis is a complication of systemic lupus erythematosus that negatively affects kidney function. Treatment involves prescription medication, dialysis, or transplantation. Symptoms include impaired kidney function, foamy urine, and high blood pressure. Complications can include acute or chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease.
Lupus nephritis, also known as glomerular lupus disease, is a complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that negatively affects kidney function. The condition originates with the accumulation of protein-laden autoantibodies within the capillaries of the kidneys that directly affect urine composition and blood pressure. Treatment for people with lupus nephritis involves restoring proper kidney function through the use of prescription medications. If the condition has progressed to induce kidney failure, dialysis and transplantation may be viable treatment options.
Normally, the body’s immune system acts as a defense against harmful substances, such as bacteria and other germs. For individuals with SLE, the immune system is unable to distinguish the presence of harmful substances and mistakenly attacks healthy tissue and cells. Symptoms associated with this autoimmune disease can vary from individual to individual and initially affect a single organ or the entire body. Of the many symptoms associated with this inflammatory condition, kidney disease is among the most serious and life-threatening. Those diagnosed with SLE may undergo periodic tests, such as urine and blood tests, to evaluate their kidney function.
Impaired kidney function is manifested by excessively high concentrations of protein in the urine. Individuals with SLE-associated kidney inflammation may initially remain asymptomatic, meaning they do not experience any symptoms. With time, the individual may develop a variety of symptoms that directly affect his urine output and output. Signs such as foamy urine or urine containing blood can be indicative of impaired kidney function. Additional symptoms may include generalized or localized swelling, also known as edema, and high blood pressure.
A variety of tests can be done to confirm the presence of impaired kidney function. Individuals who experience associated symptoms may undergo a physical exam and blood and urine tests. A physical exam may be conducted to assess blood pressure, evaluate for swelling, and determine if there is a buildup of fluid in the heart or lungs. Urine and blood tests may be done to evaluate levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. After confirmation of the diagnosis, a kidney biopsy may be performed to evaluate an appropriate course of treatment.
The goal of any treatment regimen for lupus nephritis is to restore proper kidney function. Prescription drugs can be given to relieve inflammation and suppress the immune system. Some individuals may need to have lifelong dialysis to control symptoms associated with their impaired kidney function. A kidney transplant may be a viable treatment option for severe cases involving individuals with inactive SLE.
Complications associated with lupus nephritis can include acute or chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease. The prognosis associated with lupus nephritis depends on the extent of the condition and the overall health of the individual. Those who experience sudden or acute episodes of inflammation may have periods where they are asymptomatic and are able to manage symptoms with medication. Others may be diagnosed with chronic renal failure requiring more concentrated treatment. Individuals who undergo a kidney transplant may experience a recurrence of kidney inflammation resulting in worsening symptoms.
Protect your devices with Threat Protection by NordVPN
