Lymphedema is a condition where fluid builds up in the soft tissues of the body, causing pain and disfigurement. There are two types: primary and secondary, both caused by damage to the lymphatic system. Treatments include compression wraps, exercise, and skin care. Patients should take precautions to avoid recurrence.
Lymphedema is a medical condition characterized by a buildup of fluid in the soft tissues of the body, most typically in the arms and legs. In addition to being painful and disfiguring, it can also greatly increase the risk of serious infection and require medical attention. Because lymphedema can recur, patients should also observe lifelong precautions after an attack with this condition to avoid repeating the experience.
There are two forms of lymphedema: primary and secondary. Both are caused by damage to the lymphatic system, which is responsible for cycling fluids through the body to transport nutrients and remove infectious materials. Primary lymphedema is caused by inherited conditions that compromise the lymphatic system, while secondary lymphedema is triggered by trauma to the lymphatic system. In both cases, the system is unable to function as effectively as it should and the result is a buildup of fluid because it cannot be carried away by the lymphatic system.
Burns, surgical procedures, and radiation for conditions like cancer are all associated with lymphedema. Medical personnel are aware of the increased risks caused by these situations and usually take steps to reduce the chances of them occurring. Blood clots, parasitic infections, and deep vein thrombosis can also trigger fluid buildup, as can the use of some medications.
There are a number of treatments available for lymphedema. Compression wraps often help, and some bodywork schools train therapists so they can treat the condition by stimulating lymph flow in the patient’s body. Some patients also undertake an exercise regimen that stimulates circulation and keeps the affected limb in good condition, while surgical treatments are available in some cases.
Skin care is one of the most important issues for lymphedema patients. Any cuts, nicks, or scrapes can quickly become infected, so people need to be careful with swollen limbs. Tissue swelling can also cause pain, dryness or cracking of the skin, so using a regular cleansing and moisturizing regimen will help the patient feel better. A patient with a history of lymphedema also needs to be careful in the future, and most medical professionals try to monitor their previously affected patients for early signs so they can use aggressive early treatments. Patients who have experienced the condition may want to indicate this on medical alert bracelets and other documents they carry, so that emergency services personnel can use the appropriate precautions.
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